东山湾微型浮游动物摄食压力分析  

Analysis of Microzooplankton Grazing Pressure in Dongshan Bay

作　　者：张文静[1] 林秋琳 林元烧[1] 曹文清[1] 马璐[1] 陈颖涵[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2014年第5期26-32,共7页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家海洋局公益项目(201005012);国家自然科学基金项目(41276133;J1210050;GASI-03-01-02-03)

摘　　要：2011年5月份和8月份利用"海洋2号"科学考察船在东山湾海域3个站位进行现场试验和调查,研究了微型浮游动物对浮游植物和异养细菌的摄食压力。结果表明:对比国内其他海区,该调查海域是高生长率、高周转率的海区,微型浮游动物摄食压力处于中等水平;当微型浮游动物摄食率远高于浮游植物生长率时,微型浮游动物摄食作用对能量的转换效率较高;细菌的生长繁殖和微型浮游动物对异养细菌的摄食受到温度和营养盐的双重影响,微型浮游动物对异养细菌的摄食作用能控制细菌的生长和繁殖;在调查期间,调查海域异氧细菌生产力与浮游植物初级生产力的比值由春季的1.26%增加到夏季的2.77%,但均很小,说明浮游植物初级生产力完全可以满足细菌生产的需要;调查海域主要生产者是浮游植物,异养浮游细菌的生产力较低,其能量沿食物链向上传递的效率夏季高于春季,而浮游植物初级生产力向上营养级传递的效率却是春季高于夏季。From 17 th to 18 th May and 18 th to 19 th August 2011,the impact of microzooplankton grazing upon phytoplankton production and heterotrophic bacteria production were quantified in surface waters of Dongshan Bay.Ship-board dilution incubation experiments were carried out at 3stations to calculate the phytoplankton specific growth rate and the specific rates of grazing losses to microzooplankton.Dilution experiments using chlorophyll a（Chl a）as a tracer were used to estimate the impact of microzooplankton grazing upon phytoplankton production.Radioisotope tracer method was used to measure bacterial productivity and microzooplankton grazing rates on heterotrophic bacteria.As the result shows,microzooplankton grazing rate was 0.44d^-1-1.96d^-1,microzooplankton grazing pressure on phytoplankton standing crop was35.62%-85.96%,microzooplankton grazing pressure on primary production of phytoplankton was48.50%-341.07%.Comparing with other domestic area,the growth rate and turnover in Dongshan Bay was higher,and microzooplankton grazing pressure was in the medium level.When grazing rate was far higher than growth rate,convert efficiency of the impact of microzooplankton grazing on energy was higher.Microzooplankton grazing rate upon heterotrophic bacteria was（0.68-18.68）μgC·L^-1·d^-1.The growth and reproduction of heterotrophic bacteria and microzooplankton grazing on heterotrophic bacteria were affected by both temperature and nutrients.During the survey period,bacteria production（BP）：primary production of phytoplankton（PP）value in Dongshan Bay was very small,which stated that primary productivity can completely meet the needs of the production of the bacteria.Phytoplankton is the main producer in Dongshan Bay as productivity of heterotrophic bacteria is low.For heterotrophic bacteria,the transmission efficiency of energy in summer is higher than it is in spring,while the transmission efficiency of energy for primary productivity in spring is higher than it is in summer.The impact of microzooplankton

关 键 词：微型浮游动物 摄食压力 浮游植物 异养细菌 东山湾 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]