黑龙江省的低温冷害天气及其对水稻和玉米的影响  

Effect on Chilling Injury to Crops in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：刘旭[1] 王子洋[1] 刘松[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气象信息中心

出　　处：《林业勘查设计》2014年第3期40-45,共6页Forest Investigation Design

摘　　要：根据黑龙江省的地理特点及气候变化特征,利用该省气象站气象观测资料,分析了黑龙江省低温冷害天气对农业生产的影响。分析表明:近50年来黑龙江省低温冷害天气对农作物产量影响最重的是上世纪的60年代和70年代,典型严重低温冷害年是1964、1969、1972、1976年,主要以障碍型和延迟型为主的低温冷害;80年代到90年代,气温逐渐增高,低温冷害天气发生频率有所减少,粮食产量逐渐提高,全省农业经济有所增长;进入21世纪以来,随着全球气候逐渐变暖,低温冷害天气频率大大降低,黑龙江省大范围的严重低温冷害天气逐渐减少,但阶段性和区域性的低温冷害天气出现比较频繁,如2002、2004、2006、2009年。In according to the geographical characteristics of heilongjiang province and the characteristics of climate change,using meteorological data in the meteorological stations in heilongjiang province,analyzed the influence of chilling damages on agriculture production in heilongjiang province. Results show that the nearly 50 years chilling damages to the most affected crop yield in heilongjiang province is the 60 s and 70 s,the typical severe chilling damages is 1964,1969,1972,in 1976,mainly obstacles and delay chilling damages; In the 80 s and 80 s,the temperature gradually increased,decreased chilling damages occur,grain output increase gradually,the agricultural economic growth; Since the 21 st century,with the trend of global warming,the low- temperature chilling injury frequency is greatly reduced,a wide range of severe chilling damages in heilongjiang province gradually reduce,periodic and regional chilling damages occur more frequently,such as 2002,2004,2006,2009.

关 键 词：低温冷害 农作物 水稻 玉米 

分 类 号：S426[农业科学—植物保护]