白簕(Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr)种子的休眠机理研究  

On Seed Dormancy Mechanism of Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr.

作　　者：肖娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期201-206,共6页Journal of China West Normal University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：四川省重点学科建设项目(SZD0420);西华师范大学校基金项目(09A024)

摘　　要：药蔬两用的白簕(Acanthopanax trifoliatus(L.)Merr)深受人们喜爱并广泛栽培,种子具有一定的休眠特性.为了探索白簕种子的休眠机理,本研究解剖种子的内部结构、测定种壳(内果皮)的透水性和透气性以及提取果实和种子各部分內源抑制物质并进行生物测定.研究结果表明:1)种胚细小,约为0.3-0.5mm,位于种子一角隅,可能存在生理后熟.2)种壳存在一定的机械束缚和透水透气障碍,相对剥皮种子和缺刻种子,可能导致完整种子萌发启动时间延后.3)白簕果实和种子各部分都可能含有抑制物质,其中果皮中存在活性较强的內源抑制物质,抑制活性为外果皮及果肉>内果皮>完整果实>完整种子>种胚和胚乳,且白簕外果皮及果肉、内果皮及完整果实随着抑制物浓度的增加,抑制作用显著增强.由此推测,白簕种子属于生理休眠类型.本研究初步阐明白簕种子的休眠机理,以期为其有性繁殖和打破休眠提供理论依据.Grown for its fine medicinal and vegetable use, Acanthopanax trifoliatus （ L. ） Merr. is loved by people and widely cultivated. However, the seeds remain dormant in natural condition. To ivestigate the dormancy mecha- nism of seeds of A. trifoliatus, their internal structure was dissected ; and water and gas permeability of the husk （endocarp） were tested, as well as the bioassay and identification of extracts from different fruits and seed fractions were measured. The results showed that the embryos located in the corner of the seed was very small about 0.3 - 0. 5ram and may be physiological after ripening. The mechanical and permeability barrier of husk had a negative effect on delaying the startup time of germination to a certain extent,compared with peeling and incision seed. Moreover the primary result of seed dormancy of A. trifoliatus was due to the inhibitory substances. The bioassay resuits indicated that the inhibitors may exist in all the fractions of the fruits, and the inhibition activity was found as the following： epicarp and sarcocarp 〉 endocarp 〉 intact fruits 〉 intact seeds 〉 embryo and endosperm. With the increase of concentration of inhibitor, the negative effect was significantly enhanced. The results from this study showed that seed dormancy of A. trifoliatus belonged to physiological dormancy type. The paper preliminarily illustrated the dormancy mechanism of A. trifoliatus fruits and seeds, and would provide some theoretical bases for breaking the seed dormancy and sexual propagation in practice.

关 键 词：白簕(Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr.) 休眠 种胚结构 种壳透性 抑制物质 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学] Q945.35[生物学—植物学]