老年人误吸的危险因素及临床诊治进展  

Risk factorsandclinical diagnosis and treatment for aspiration intheelderly

作　　者：刘媛媛[1,2] 何晓乐[1] 李晓玲[1] 傅卫红[3] 程珂[1] 王晓明[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院老年病科,西安710032 [2]解放军第323医院干部病房,西安710054 [3]解放军第451医院干部病房,西安710054

出　　处：《中华老年多器官疾病杂志》2014年第8期633-636,共4页Chinese Journal of Multiple Organ Diseases in the Elderly

基　　金：卫生部行业科研专项基金（201302008）

摘　　要：误吸是指唾液、鼻咽分泌物、细菌、食物等经喉头进入呼吸道的异常过程，是老年人常见临床问题。它所导致的窒息、吸入性肺炎等并发症是老年人常见死因。随着我国人口老龄化程度加重，老年人发生误吸的事件不断增加。为此，本文就误吸发生的危险因素及临床诊疗措施进行综述，以期为有效防治老年人误吸提供依据。Aspiration is defined as the abnormal processof inhalationsthrough the throatof saliva, nasopharyngeal secretions, bacteria, foods andso on, and isa usual troublesomefortheelderly in clinical practice. Complicationsresulting from aspiration, such as asphyxia and pneumonia, are common causes of death intheelderly. As the population aging, the incidence of aspiration inthe elderly is increased.So, with the aimat effectively preventing and treating aspiration in the elderly,weanalyzed itsrisk factorsand reviewed its clinical management for diagnosis and treatments.

关 键 词：误吸 吞咽 危险因素 诊断 治疗学 老年人 

分 类 号：R333.1[医药卫生—人体生理学] R592[医药卫生—基础医学]