柴油车尾气中氮氧化物的催化净化  

Catalytic abatement of NO_x from diesel exhaust

作　　者：单文坡[1,2] 刘福东[1] 贺泓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [2]南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院,南京210094

出　　处：《科学通报》2014年第26期2540-2549,共10页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51108446;51278486;51308296);国家高技术研究发展计划(2013AA065301);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB732304)资助

摘　　要：柴油车尾气氮氧化物(NOx)污染已经成为我国大气污染中最突出的问题之一.仅凭柴油发动机的机内净化无法满足严格的排放标准,因此可以高效去除尾气中NOx的各种后处理技术日益受到重视.本文对现有柴油车尾气NOx催化净化技术进行了综述,并重点关注了NH3选择性催化还原NOx(NH3-SCR)、HC选择性催化还原NOx(HC-SCR)和NOx储存-还原(NSR)3种研究最为广泛的NOx控制技术.较为全面地总结了各种净化技术以及对应的各类催化剂具有的优缺点和亟需解决的问题,并展望了该领域未来可能的发展方向.NOx pollution from diesel vehicles has become one of the most important air pollution problems. The standard of NOx emission could not be met by inner engine adjustment alone. Therefore, the after-treatment technologies with high efficiency of NOx abatement attracted more and more attention. In this paper, the NOx catalytic abatement technologies were reviewed, and three widely studied technologies including the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3（NH3-SCR）, the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with hydrocarbon（HC-SCR）, and the NOx storage-reduction（NSR）, were specially introduced. Several aspects of these technologies and the corresponding catalysts, including their advantages/disadvantages and existing problems, have been discussed in detail. The possible developing orientations of these diesel NOx catalytic abatement technologies were also previewed.

关 键 词：柴油车尾气 NOx催化净化 NH3选择性催化还原NOx HC选择性催化还原NOx NOx储存-还原 

分 类 号：X734.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]