两种疾病发生对养殖半滑舌鳎肠道菌群结构的影响分析  

Study on cultured half-smooth tongue sole( Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther) intestinal microflora changes affected by different disease occurrence

作　　者：张正[1] 廖梅杰[1] 李彬[1] 王印庚[1] 王岚[1] 荣小军[1] 陈贵平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产学报》2014年第9期1565-1572,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD17B03);黄海水产研究所级基本科研业务费专项(20603022013006);天津市农业科技合作项目(201104080)

摘　　要：为研究疾病发生情况下鱼类肠道菌群的结构变化,运用高通量测序方法分别对感染腹水病和皮肤溃疡病的工厂化养殖半滑舌鳎病鱼及同一养殖系统中健康鱼的肠道菌群结构进行了对比分析。结果发现,养殖半滑舌鳎肠道中的细菌种类要明显少于环境中的细菌种类,仅为养殖池进水和颗粒饲料中细菌种类总数的14.3%～44.7%。在疾病发生后,病鱼肠道中的细菌种类数量仅是同一养殖系统中健康鱼肠道细菌种类数量的45.8%和64.5%,病鱼肠道中细菌多样性下降非常明显。进一步分析肠道菌群结构的组成发现,虽然发病鱼和健康鱼肠道中超过60%的细菌种类不相同,但优势菌群的结构组成差异不明显,丰度最高的前10种细菌种类基本相同,其比例超过肠道相对总菌量的80%。不同疾病的发生对半滑舌鳎肠道菌群结构的影响也不同,腹水病会造成肠道中优势菌株的种类和相对丰度都发生比较明显的改变,而皮肤溃疡病发生前后肠道菌群结构组成几乎没有变化。研究表明,养殖半滑舌鳎的肠道菌群结构相对比较保守,而且并不是所有的疾病种类都会引起肠道菌群结构发生改变。Intestinal microflora play an important role in animal development and health. In order to evaluate the changes of the bacterial communities in fish intestine upon diseases occurrence,the diseased Cynoglossus semilaevis cultured in two indoor farms with ascites and skin ulceration,and healthy fish in the same farming system were studied by using high through sequencing technique in this paper. The results revealed that bacteria species in fish intestine were obviously less than those in environment,only accounting for 14. 3%-44. 7% of the bacteria species in pellet feed or tank inlet water. After disease occurrence,the bacteria diversity in diseased fish intestine declined markedly,just 45. 8% and 64. 5% of the bacteria species in healthy fish coming from the same farming system. For further analysis of these microbial communities structure,although more than 60% bacteria species were different between diseased fish and healthy fish,the dominant bacterial communities＇ structure in these fish intestine had almost no difference. The first ten dominant bacterial strains in each fish sample were basically the same,their total proportion exceeded 80%of the relative bacteria amount in fish intestine. We also found that different disease occurrence had different effects on half-smooth tongue sole intestinal microflora. The microbial community structure in diseased fish intestine with ascites changed distinctly,while the fish with skin ulceration hardly changed. According to the results of this study,the microflora in cultured half-smooth tongue sole intestine was conservative. But not every type of disease can cause this micro-ecosystem structure change.

关 键 词：半滑舌鳎 疾病 肠道菌群 工厂化养殖 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S943[农业科学—水产养殖]