犬首鮈卵子发生过程及成熟卵膜形态结构观察  

The Histological Studies on the Oogenesis and the Morphological Structure of the Mature Egg Envelope in Siberian Gudgeon Gobio cynocephalus

作　　者：李培伦[1,2] 刘伟[1] 王继隆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2014年第5期707-715,共9页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：农业部财政专项物种资源保护项目(No.2010-2014);哈尔滨市科技局优秀学科带头人项目(No.2010RFXYNO47);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.201303056-5)

摘　　要：通过组织切片和扫描电镜技术对犬首鮈（Siberian gudgeon）卵子发生过程及成熟卵膜表面结构进行观察。结果显示,犬首鮈卵子发生过程可以分为Ⅰ~Ⅵ时相,第Ⅰ时相卵母细胞为卵原细胞发育阶段;第Ⅱ时相卵母细胞外层出现滤泡细胞;皮质液泡和卵黄颗粒分别发生在第Ⅲ、Ⅳ时相;第Ⅴ时相卵母细胞为成熟的卵子,含丰富的卵黄和少量皮质液泡;第Ⅵ时相卵母细胞退化,进而被卵巢吸收。犬首鮈成熟卵表面卵膜孔呈漏斗状,卵孔区域类型属于降旋混合系统,其成熟卵膜表层具有特殊的柱状体结构,高度为18.3~30.6μm,平均分布密度为0.15个/μm2,分析可能为该物种或生态类型的卵膜结构特征,推测对产沉黏性卵鱼类受精卵孵化、胚胎发育起重要作用。Using conventional histological method and scanning electron microscopy,the developing process of oocytes and the morphological structure of mature eggs of Siberian gudgeon were observed. The results showed that S. gudgeon egg development process was divided into six phases. During the process of oogenesis,the diameter of the oocytes increased from 25. 5 μm to 1 080. 5 μm. In phase Ⅰ the oocytes were primarily composed of undifferentiated oogonia,and in phaseⅡ the oocytes were surrounded by a layer of follicular cells.Phase Ⅲ and Ⅳ oocytes differentiated significantly,with accumulated vitelline vacuoles from plasmalemma to karyolemma and yolk from karyolemma to plasmalemma. Phase Ⅴ oocytes reached maturation,with rich yolk and less vitelline vacuoles in the cytoplasm,and the phase Ⅵ oocytes,if not released,underwent degradation,with damaged membranes and yolk reabsorption. The micropyle shaped like a funnel,the outer edge diameter ofthe micropylar vestibule was 44. 36- 51. 88 μm and the inner edge diameter was 22. 77- 25. 15 μm. The type of the micropyle area belonged to down spin hybrid system. The special structure named cylinder distributed on the mature egg surface,the height of cylinder was 18. 3- 30. 6 μm,and the average density was about0. 15 /μm2. The diameter of the inner surface pore was 0. 35 ± 0. 06 μm,and its average density was about0. 552 /μm2. According to the average density of the cylinder and the inner surface pore,each cylinder roughly matches to 3. 68 inner surface pores,and the fishes with the similar ecological type like S. gudgeon may have this egg envelope structure characteristics,which may a significant role in the demersal,adhesive fertilized eggs hatching and embryonic development.

关 键 词：犬首鮈 卵母细胞 卵膜孔 柱状体 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]