牙轮钻头用深穴空心滚子轴承的数值研究  

NUMERICAL STUDY ON DEEP CAVITY HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL ROLLER BEARING FOR CONE BIT

作　　者：张杰[1] 梁政[1] 韩传军[1] 冯定[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院,成都610500 [2]长江大学机械工程学院,荆州434023

出　　处：《机械强度》2014年第5期723-727,共5页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51004083);中国博士后科学基金项目(20100481384)资助~~

摘　　要：牙轮钻头中轴承系统与硬质合金镶齿钻头牙齿的寿命不匹配,成为制约其使用寿命的一个重要因素。为此,在牙轮钻头用空心圆柱滚子轴承的基础上,设计了一种深穴空心滚子轴承,除了具备空心结构滚子的优点外,避免了在滚子端部出现应力集中现象。同时,建立了不同结构滚子轴承的有限元模型,进行了应力分析,并研究了深穴深度和深穴直径对滚子力学性能的影响。结果表明:深穴空心滚子的力学性能优于实心滚子、空心滚子和深穴滚子;随着深穴深度和深穴直径的增大,滚子两端的等效应力和接触应力逐渐减小,而中间部位的应力却逐渐增大;以Ф215.9 mm牙轮钻头滚动轴承为例,建议其深穴直径为7 mm,深穴深度为2 mm较为适宜。最后,设计了一种填充式复合滚子轴承,可以有效地提高轴承的疲劳寿命,建议在钻进过程中可以根据不同地层合理选择轴承滚子结构。The lives of bearing system and carbide button bit teeth are mismatched, which is an important factor of restriction cone bits＇ working life. Therefore, on the basis of hollow cylindrical roller bearing of cone bits, a deep cavity hollow cylindrical roller bearing was designed. Except the advantages of hollow roller, the deep cavity hollow cylindrical roller avoids the stress concentration phenomenon in the roller end. Furthermore, a finite element model was established to conduct a stress analysis for different structure roller bearings, and the effects of cavity depth and cavity diameter on the mechanical behavior of deep cavity hollow cylindrical roller were studied. Results show that the mechanical performance of deep cavity hollow roller is better than solid roller, hollow roller and deep cavity roller. With the depth and diameter of the cavity increase, the equivalent stress and contact stress in the roller end reduce gradually, but the stresses in the middle part of the roller increase. Taking the rolling bearing of q）215.9ram cone bit for an examples, it is more appropriate that the depth and diameter of the cavity are 2mm and 7mm. Finally, a filling type composite roller bearing was designed, which could improve the fatigue life of roller bearing effectively. It is recommended that the bearing roller structure should be choose according to the different strata in the drilling process.

关 键 词：牙轮钻头 滚动轴承 深穴空心滚子 有限元 应力集中 疲劳寿命 

分 类 号：TE921.1[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]