输血患者不规则抗体筛查结果分析  

Screening results of irregular antibodies among patients before blood transfusion

作　　者：张松[1] 常利[2] 宋任浩[3] 

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学第三医院检验科,河北石家庄050051 [2]河北医科大学第三医院康复科 [3]河北省血液中心

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2014年第9期945-947,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的回顾分析本院输血患者不规则抗体筛查情况,探讨不规则抗体筛查在临床输血中的意义。方法2013年2月～2014年2月采用微柱凝胶法对10 146名预输血患者进行不规则抗体筛查,筛查阳性者再用谱细胞做特异性鉴定。结果 1）在10 146名患者血液标本中共检出不规则抗体61例,阳性率为0.601%。其中Rh系统占37.7%（23/61）、其次为MNS系统占16.39%（10/61）;IgG类占67.21%（41/61）、IgM类占13.12%（8/61）、IgG＋IgM类占19.67%（12/61）。2）男性患者不规则抗体检出率为0.446%（24/5 380）,女性患者不规则抗体检出率为0.776%（37/4 766）,女性不规则抗体检出率高于男性,差异具有统计学意义（χ2=4.61,P〈0.05）;有输血/妊娠史的患者不规则抗体检出率为1.471%（53/3 602）,显著高于无输血/妊娠史患者的检出率0.122%（8/6 544）,差异较具有统计学意义（χ2=70.76,P〈0.01）。结论输血前对输血患者进行不规则抗体筛查,避免输入含有相应抗原的血液,对于保证患者的输血安全和提高输血疗效具有重要意义。Objective To analyze the screening results of irregular antibodies among patients before blood transfusion at- the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University and to investigate the significance of irregular antibody screening in clinical blood transfusion. Methods Screening of irregular antibodies was done in 10 146 cases of patients before blood transfusionusing Microcolumn gel method （MGT）from February 20 ! 3 to February 2014, and further antibody identification was performed for the positive samples by spectral cells. Results 1 ） Among 10 146 patient cases before blood transfusion,61 cases with ir- regular antibody were detected and positive rate was 0. 601%. The Rh system accounted for 37.7% （23/61） ,followed by MNS system accounting for 16.39% （10/61 ） ;IgG class, IgM class, IgM and IgG class mixture accounted for 67.21% （41/ 61 ）, 13.12% （ 8/61 ）, 19.67 % （ 12/61 ） respectively. 2 ） The positive rate for irregular antibody was 0.446% （24/5 3 g0 ） in males and 0.776% （37/4 766）in females ,the positive rates for irregular antibody among them were significantly different（x2 =4. 61 ,P 〈 0. 05）. The positive rate for irregular antibody in patients with a history of blood transfusion/pregnancy was I. 471% （53/3 602）, which was higher than that of patients with no history of blood transfusion/pregnancy （0.122% ,χ2 = 70. 76,P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The screening results of irregular antibodies in patients before blood transfusion was obtained. The screening of irregular antibody in patients before blood transfusion carries significant influences as it could avoid the transfusion of the blood that contains the corresponding antigens, ensuring the safety and improving the curative effect of blood transfusion.

关 键 词：输血 患者 不规则抗体 筛查 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学] R446.111[医药卫生—临床医学]