陆面模式CLM对若尔盖站冻融期模拟性能的检验与对比  

Validation and Comparison of the Simulation at Zoigê Station during Freezing and Thawing with Land Surface Model CLM

作　　者：陈渤黎[1,2] 罗斯琼[1] 吕世华[1] 张宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2014年第5期649-658,共10页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划项目2010CB951402;国家自然科学基金项目41375077;41130961;40905032

摘　　要：陆面模式CLM(Community Land Model)是目前国际上发展较为完善并被广泛应用的陆面过程模式。本文使用中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所位于青藏高原东部的若尔盖高原湿地生态系统研究站的观测资料,对CLM3.0版本及CLM4.0版本在上述地区的模拟性能进行了检验与对比。通过比较观测值与模拟值,验证了模式在高原季节性冻土地区的适用性,发现CLM4.0较CLM3.0在模拟结果上有了一定提高。CLM4.0加入了未冻水参数化方案,使模式可以模拟到冬季土壤冻结后存留的未冻水,显著增加了冻融期间土壤含水量的模拟,同时减小了土壤含冰量的模拟值。并因此增大了模拟的冻土热容量,减小了热导率,使冻融期间土壤温度的模拟也有了一定改善。但是模拟中也发现对于较深层土壤,温度模拟值在冻融期间较观测显著偏低。另外,在消融(冻结)过程阶段CLM4.0模拟的土壤含水量骤增(骤降)的时间均较观测提前。消融过程、冻结过程阶段模拟时间偏短,而完全冻结、完全消融阶段模拟时间偏长。因此CLM对于高原冻土地区的模拟仍是其需要重点改进的地方之一。The community land model （CLM） is a highly developed and widely used land surface model. Two sets of simulation experiments were respectively conducted with model versions 3.0 and 4.0 by using observational data of Zoig＆#234; station of the Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences. A comparison of the observation and simulation results of soil physical quantities such as temperature and moisture verified the applicability of the model in the seasonal frozen soil area of the plateau. Simulations of CLM4.0 showed a significant improvement over CLM3.0. CLM4.0 includes a parameterization scheme of unfrozen water. Therefore, the model can simulate the unfrozen water in frozen soil, which improves the simulation of soil water content during freezing and thawing while reducing the soil ice content. Because unfrozen water increases the heat capacity and decreases the thermal conductivity of frozen soil, the simulation of soil temperature is correspondingly improved. However, the simulated temperature of the deeper soil was significantly lower than observation during the freeze-thaw period. The number of simulated soil water surges in the ablation stage and decreases in the freezing stage were both improved compared with observation. In addition, the simulated time of ablation and freezing processes were both shorter than those of observation, whereas the time of complete frozen and complete ablation were longer. Therefore, the simulation ability of CLM for frozen soil areas of the plateau requires improvement.

关 键 词：CLM模式 陆面过程 土壤冻融 模拟试验 

分 类 号：P437[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]