新峪焦煤的快速溶剂萃取研究  

The accelerated solvent extraction of Xinyu coking coal

作　　者：张露[1] 秦志宏[1] 赵翠翠[1] 荣丽漫 李春生[1] 张沛然[1] 张丽芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2014年第4期684-688,共5页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2012CB214900);国家自然科学基金项目(50874108;51274201);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2010LKHX01)

摘　　要：采用正丙醇溶剂对新峪焦煤进行100℃、8MPa下的快速溶剂萃取和溶剂沸点（97℃）、常压下的索氏萃取,对萃取物进行GC/MS分析,对萃余物进行FTIR分析.结果表明：快速溶剂萃取溶出物主要为中低碳正构烷烃、芳族类化合物和噻吩类化合物,溶出物的相对分子质量为142-296;索氏萃取溶出物主要为中高碳正构烷烃及长链脂肪酸或酯,溶出物的相对分子质量为228-426;在有限时间内,常压索氏萃取时溶剂只进入到较大微孔中,高压快速溶剂萃取时溶剂可同时进入大、小微孔中;快速溶剂萃取的优势在于提高了溶剂渗透率和渗透速率,但对可溶物的扩散速率贡献不大;较大微孔和较小微孔中嵌入的化合物分子大小或分子量的不同,是造成两种萃取方法不同溶出结果的内在原因.With adopting 1-propanol as solvent, coking coal from Xinyu was extracted via Accelerated Solvent Extraction （ASE） at 100 ℃ under 8 MPa and Soxhlet Extraction （SE） at 97 ℃ under ordinary pressure, respectively. The extraetants and residues were analyzed by GC/ MS and FTIR, respectively, which indicates that the extractants from ASE mainly contain materials of molecular weight from 142 to 296, i.e. mid- or low-carbon n-alkanes, aromatics and thiophene series, while the extractants from SE contain materials of molecular weight from 228 to 426, i.e. mid- or high-carbon n-alkanes, and aliphatic hydrocarbons （or esters） of long carbon chains. Because of the limited time, the solvent in SE only enters the relative large micropores. However, the solvent in ASE can enter both relative large and small micropores simultaneously. The advantage of ASE is to improve the permeability and permeation rate of sol- vents, but it makes little contribution to diffusion rate of solvents. The intrinsic reasons for the different results of the two extraction methods are the different molecular weights of the materials embedded in the two kinds of micropores.

关 键 词：正丙醇 焦煤 快速溶剂萃取 索氏萃取 GC/MS 

分 类 号：TQ536.1[化学工程—煤化学工程]