粗糙元的空气动力学效应研究进展  

Review on Aerodynamic Effects of Roughness Element

作　　者：王晓[1] 张伟民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所敦煌戈壁荒漠研究站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2014年第5期922-927,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40671022)资助

摘　　要：粗糙元防护作用的空气动力学效应研究是揭示其防护机理的重要基础。从剪切力、空气动力学粗糙度的角度出发,根据已有的研究成果,全面分析了半个多世纪以来粗糙元覆盖地表剪切力分解的2种主要计算方法,并阐述了空气动力学粗糙度的研究现状及目前存在的问题。分析认为,剪切力分解的2种方法虽被普遍应用,但相关参数的精确计算还存在争议;另外,针对目前空气动力学粗糙度研究中存在的问题,提出用遥感的方法来解决。Roughness elements can prevent the surface from wind erosion, and the aerodynamic effects of rough- ness elements are the foundation of understanding the mechanism of this protection. Shear stress and roughness length are the important aerodynamic parameters. Based on the published literatures, the research progress on two approaches of drag partition and roughness length of the surface with roughness elements in the past half century was reviewed and analyzed. One approach of drag partition was related to the roughness density, and the other was re- lated to roughness length. However, it was not easy to estimate the parameters of both approaches. The study of roughness length was put into two periods. How to simulate the heterogeneous and complex surfaces with roughness elements is still a big challenge. In order to find the solution of this problem, we considered the remote sensing technology to be as a mean to estimate the roughness length for large regions where the roughness length cannot be obtained by other means.

关 键 词：粗糙元 剪切力 空气动力学 粗糙度 遥感监测 

分 类 号：P433[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]