陆源自然平整海冰生长过程中的盐分与孔隙率变化  

Changes of salinity and porosity of level sea ice during growth process

作　　者：常志云[1,2] 许映军[1] 顾卫[1] 陈伟斌[3] 陶军[1] 张化[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学民政部/教育部减灾与应急管理研究院,北京100875 [3]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2014年第5期661-665,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室资助项目(2013-ZY-06);国家863计划项目(2011AA100505);国家自然科学基金项目(40801230)

摘　　要：渤海海冰资源化将为环渤海地区水资源短缺问题的解决提供一种战略途径。研究自然平整海冰在生长过程中的物理性状,可以为海冰开采冰源选取提供理论依据。本文通过实地观测渤海湾沿岸盐场一级沉淀池平整海冰生长状况,基于实测数据分析,得出了海冰生长过程中厚度、盐度、密度以及孔隙率的变化规律。结果表明:温度是影响海冰生长的关键因素;海冰累计厚度与负积温成反比,当平均气温低于冰点时,平整海冰单日生长量与日平均气温成反比,累积冰厚随时间成二次分布;生长初期海冰盐度较高,随着时间推移呈下降趋势;海冰密度和孔隙率随着气温变化而波动,密度整体上(实密度和表观密度)呈下降趋势,而孔隙率呈上升趋势。The study of physical characteristics＇ change of sea ice during its growth will provide a theoretical basis for sea ice＇ s location selection. This article come up with the conclusion that the sea ice shows some certain regularity during its growth in thickness, salinity, density and porosity by observing the level sea ice＇ s grow in salty pond that next to Bohai. The result shows that the temperature is the key factor that influences sea ice growth. The thickness of sea ice is inversely proportional to negative accumulated temperature and it shows a second order response to time. When the mean temperature is lower than the sea ice freezing temperature, the level sea ice＇ s growth is inversely pro- portional to daily mean temperature ; as the temperature increases, the density of sea ice shows a decline trend, while on the contrary, the porosity shows an increase trend. Rapid growth leads to high salinity ice, while slow or stopped growth results in low salinity ice as the brine pockets flow out the ice; there is positive correlation between sea ice salinity and density ; and put forward the mathematical relationship between sea ice porosity and the temperature. The aim of this article is to propose a good scheme in source selection for sea ice mining.

关 键 词：海冰 累积厚度 盐度 实密度 表观密度 孔隙率 

分 类 号：P731.15[天文地球—海洋科学]