恒河猴基因组SINEs和Alu元件的数量和分布  

The Numbers and Distribution of SINEs and Alu Elements in Rhesus Macaque Genome

作　　者：夏珊[1,2] 范振鑫[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都师范学院化学与生命科学学院,成都611130 [2]四川大学生命科学学院,四川省濒危野生动物保护生物学重点实验室,成都610064

出　　处：《四川动物》2014年第5期689-693,共5页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

摘　　要：哺乳动物的基因组中富含各种类型的重复序列,其中的微卫星作为分子标记在相关研究中得到了广泛的应用。而重复序列中的SINEs元件,在各类群物种的分子系统发育、遗传多样性等方面的研究也得到了使用。其中,灵长类物种特有的SINEs元件、Alu元件,也在灵长类物种的进化研究中得到了成功的使用。本研究对于重要的医学模式动物恒河猴的基因组中SINEs和Alu元件进行了搜索,并进一步统计分析其分布规律、长度等信息。在恒河猴基因组的20条常染色体上共发现了Alu元件1 093 185个,在性染色体X上发现了45 215个。长度为200 bp至300 bp区间的Alu元件分布最多;Alu元件中75%的分化值至少都为10,而只有6.2%左右的元件分化值能达到至少20,这一结果表明绝大部分的Alu元件都比较年轻。本研究的统计结果为后续应用SINEs和Alu元件作为分子标记的研究提供了重要的信息。There are many different types of repeat elements in mammal genomes, and microsatellite has been widely used as molecular marker in researches. Additionally, another type of repeat element, SINEs, has also been used as molecular markers in molecular phylogeny and genetic diversity. Alu element, which was the primate-specific SINEs element, has been widely used in the evolutionary study of primate species. In this study, SINEs and Alu elements were screened in the genome of rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta, which was an important model animal in biomedical study. In total, there were 1 093 185 Alu elements in the 20 autosomes, and 45 215 Alu elements in the chromosome X. Most of the Alu elements were ranged in length from 200 bp to 300 bp, and 75% of which had a minimal divergence value of 10, whereas only 6.2% could reach 20, indicating that most of the Alu elements were relatively young. These results may provide important informa- tion for the future studies on the application of SINEs and Alu elements as molecular markers.

关 键 词：恒河猴 基因组 SINES ALU 

分 类 号：Q959.8[生物学—动物学] R857.3[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]