六盘水市2006-2012年学校传染病暴发的流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of infectious disease outbreaks in schools in Liupanshui City between 2006 and 2012

作　　者：田兴国[1] 褚彪[1] 张元安[1] 朱仁珍 林江丽[1] 任艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]六盘水市疾病预防控制中心,贵州六盘水553001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第18期3326-3328,3352,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解六盘水市学校传染病暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为预防和控制传染病暴发疫情提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法对六盘水市2006-2012年学校传染病暴发疫情资料进行统计分析。结果六盘水市2006-2012年发生在学校的传染病暴发疫情49起,发病1 077例,无死亡,罹患率3.81%。学校传染病暴发以呼吸道传染病为主（85.71%）,81.63%的暴发疫情和86.91%的病例发生在农村,4月和10月为高发月份,8~11岁为高发年龄（72.61%）。结论学校特殊的环境、学生疫苗接种率低和疫情的迟报是学校易出现传染病暴发和疫情扩大的原因。Objective The objective of the study was to assess the epidemiological characteristics of infectious disease outbreaks in schools in Liupanshui City, so to provide a scientific reference for the prevention and control of outbreaks of infectious diseases. Methods Descriptive epidemiology approaches were applied to analyze the data on infectious disease outbreaks in schools in Liupanshui City between 2006 and 2010. Results A total of 49 outbreaks of infectious disease, including 1077 cases with no deaths, was reported from school in Liupanshui City between 2006 and 2010, resulting in an incidence of 3.81%. Most of the outbreaks were related to respiratory infectious disease （85.71%）, and 81.63% of the incidences and 86.91% of the cases occurred in rural areas. April and October were the peak months for the outbreaks, and children aged between 8 and 11 （72.61%） were the most susceptible population. Conclusion The specific environmental setting of schools, low vaccination coverage among students, and delayed reporting of the epidemic situation are the reasons why schools have been susceptible to infectious disease outbreak and spread.

关 键 词：学校 传染病 暴发 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]