玉米果穗籽粒组砌规律对其离散效果的影响  

Experimental Effect of Arrangement Law of Corn Ear Kernels on the Discrete Performance

作　　者：李心平[1] 刘赢[1] 杜哲[1] 马义东 耿令新[1] 马福丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农业工程学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《农机化研究》2014年第10期186-191,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：NSFC-河南人才培养联合基金项目(U1204514);河南省教育厅自然科学研究计划项目(2011B210003)

摘　　要：为深入了解玉米果穗籽粒组砌规律对其离散效果的影响机理,以浚单20、北青210两个品种为研究对象,进行了在不同冲击缝隙、不同冲击部位下的冲击试验。试验结果表明:玉米果穗组砌规律对试验指标的影响很大:冲击头作用于对立缝隙A中比作用于交错缝隙B中易于籽粒离散,且承受的最大冲击力值小,籽粒损伤数也小;果穗中部籽粒严格遵循组砌规律,冲击头冲击时,力在传递中易于被快速传递消耗,能承受的冲击力最大,离散籽粒数适中,损伤籽粒数少;下部籽粒受纵行合流影响,不是严格遵循果穗籽粒的组砌规律,在承载冲击力方面较中部减小,但下部籽粒比中部籽粒尺寸小,能离散籽粒数比中部多;上部不仅受纵行合流影响,而且受上部籽粒不规则的影响,在承载冲击力方面最小,且离散籽粒数也最少。研究成果可为进一步研究低损伤脱粒方法提供理论参考。In order to understand the influence mechanism of arrangement law of eorn ear kernels on the discrete effect. The typical two varieties of corn seed, such as Xundan 20 and Beiqing 210,were selected and a series of impacting experiments for dlfferent impacting gaps and different impacting positions were completed. Experiment indicated： arrangement law of corn ear kernels have great influenee on experimental index, when impacting head impacts the gap between corn ear kernels, opposing gap A is easier to separte kernels than interlacing gap B,and it is small to the greatest impacling force that opposing gap A suffered, the damage re,tuber of kernels is short too. The middle kernels of corn ear strictly follow the arrangement law. When the impacting head impacts, force is easily transferred and consumed in transmission between kernels, It can withstand the maximum impact force, discrete moderate number of kernels and make damage number of kernels become less. The combined effect of bottom longitudinal kernels have influence on the arrangement law of ear kernels , thus bottom kernels withstand the impact force smaller than the central kernels, in the aspect of the bear- ing impact, but bottom kernels size is smaller than central kernels, so bottom kernels can discrete more kernels than central kernels. Top kernels is affected not only by the longitudinal combined effect, but also affected by the top irregular kernels, thus top kernels withstand the impact force smallest among three partition of corn ear, and discrete least kernels too. The research results will provide theoretical reference for the further study of the low damage threshing method.

关 键 词：玉米果穗 破损率 离散籽粒数 组砌规律 

分 类 号：S121[农业科学—农业基础科学]