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机构地区:[1]青岛农业大学园林与林学院,青岛266109 [2]华南农业大学林学院,广州510642 [3]中国林业科学研究院林业新技术所,北京100091 [4]慧霸达生资有限公司,中国香港999077
出 处:《生态学报》2014年第17期4957-4965,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica
基 金:慧霸达生资有限公司资助项目
摘 要:以位于广东省中西部的高要市桉树人工林林下植被群落为研究对象,对不同龄级林分物种多样性进行比较分析,采用典范对应分析(CCA)方法进行排序并通过相关分析,对物种分布和多样性与土壤因子的关系进行了研究。结果表明,每龄级24块样地充足,从第9块样地开始不同龄级的物种数目出现一定程度的差异。桉树林分样地中共有136种植物,隶属54科107属,灌木层的种类最多,但以草本层物种为优势种。不同龄级林分之间物种多样性差异不显著,但1—2年生林分低于2—4年生和5—6年生两个龄级;3—4年生的Shannon指数、Simpson指数和丰富度最高。对植被物种的分布,土壤中有机质、全磷、全钾和容重的影响明显,pH值也有一定程度作用,而对物种多样性,pH值和全氮是最为稳定的影响因子。Commercial eucalypt plantation forest has become a unique ecosystem in the wide-range of the tropical and subtropical regions in China. In this unique ecosystem, the under-story vegetation is identified as an important concern for biodiversity conservation and sustainable management for a long run. In the past decade, efforts have been made to understand the species composition and diversity of the vegetation associated with eucalypt and other fast-growing tree plantations. However, much work is still needed to cumulate the knowledge and to provide an overall coverage of this topic and the relevant issues. In the present study, we investigated the under-story vegetation community of short-rotation eucalypt plantations in Gaoyao, Guangdong to compare species composition and diversity at three different age classes, and to study the relationship of species distribution and diversity with soil factors by using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and correlation analysis. The result showed that difference in species number significant to a certain extent was observed among three stand age classes when the number of the sampling plots was equal or more than 9, and a size of 24 sampling plots per age class was sufficient for analyzing the species composition. Totally, there appeared 136 vegetation species belonging to 54 families and 107 genera in the stand plots sampled, among which there were 80 tree and shrub species, 36 herbs and 20 lianas. Although tree and shrub species were rich in number, two herbaceous species ( Dicranopteris dichotoma ( Thunb. ) Bernh. and Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. ) were always dominant in abundance and coverage over the stand plots studied. Species number did not significantly differ among stand age classes, but was consistently lower in stands at 1--2 years old than at other two age classes, attributed to the abrupt change and fast restoration of vegetation during and after the establishment stage of stands, respectively. The diversity measures ( Simpson index, Shannon
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