景观空间格局对滇金丝猴猴群分布的影响  

Landscape spatial pattern's effect on the distribution of Yunnan snub-nosed monkey

作　　者：邓凯[1] 李丽[2] 吴巩胜[2] 周跃[2] 赵如[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南财经大学城市与环境学院,昆明650221 [2]云南财经大学野生动植物管理与生态系统健康研究中心,昆明650221 [3]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第17期4999-5006,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31100351)

摘　　要：结合景观生态学,建立研究区域景观格局分析与内部生物之间的联系,能够为生物多样性保护和自然保护区的管理提供更加真实准确及可实践操作的指导。借助遥感和地理信息系统软件,将滇金丝猴分布区内景观划分为适宜生境、次适宜生境、连接生境、天然阻碍及人为干扰5种类型,通过计算得到5种类型斑块的景观指数,并将其与滇金丝猴猴群出现概率及种群密度进行相关性分析。结果表明:(1)滇金丝猴猴群出现概率受人为干扰斑块影响较大,与人为干扰斑块面积所占比例呈负相关,与人为干扰斑块的权重边界密度呈正相关;(2)影响猴群分布密度的景观指数较多,其中除适宜生境斑块所占面积比及其权重边界密度与猴群密度呈正相关之外,其他指数均与猴群密度呈负相关;(3)现阶段对滇金丝猴生境保护最为直接的方法应该是增加适宜生境和次适宜生境斑块间的连通性,即增强这两类斑块的自然增扩潜力,同时减少人为干扰对猴群的影响;(4)对于自然保护的管理应当更加重视边界效应的作用,尽量保持适宜生境与其性质相近类型斑块的连通性,以提高景观质量。This study is based on landscape ecology to demonstrate the connection between the landscape spatial pattern analysis and the Snub-nosed Monkey landscape population in the study area. This will offer guidance to biodiversity conservation efforts and nature reserve management. The Snub-nosed Monkey landscape distribution area patterns located in Yunnan are classified in to five types by the RS and GIS. They are： Optimal Habitat, Sub-optimal habitat, Suitable/ Connection habitat, Natural barrier and Human disturbance. The landscape indexes of these types can be calculated and applied into the correlative analysis between their appearance possibility and distribution density. The result shows ： （ 1 ） There is a significant negative correlation between the Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys and Percentage of Human disturbance, and a positive correlation between the appearance possibility and its＇ weight boundary density. （2） There are many landscape index effects on the distribution of the monkeys. Among these indexes, all of them present negative correlation, except in the optimal habitat index which shows a positive correlation between the percentage of habitat patch, its＇ weight boundary density and the distribution of density of monkey. （3） The most effective way to habitat protection of the Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys is to increase the connection between optimal habitat and suboptimal habitat. （4） Boundary effect is key to nature conservation management. Maintaining the connection between the optimal and similar habitat areas is important to improve the landscape quality.

关 键 词：景观空间格局 滇金丝猴 猴群分布 

分 类 号：S865.3[农业科学—野生动物驯养]