流动人口激增地区麻疹流行病学分析  

Analysis on epidemiology of measles in the area where floating population increasing sharply

作　　者：潘黎[1] 钟培松[1] 张黎明[1] 费洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市嘉定区疾病预防控制中心,上海201800

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第17期3076-3079,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：嘉定区医学学科建设项目(GW01)

摘　　要：目的了解在流动人口快速迅速增长地区麻疹流行病学特征,为控制和消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法对嘉定区2004-2012年麻疹发病资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果嘉定区2004-2012年共发生麻疹病例687例,平均年发病率为6.12/10万,流动人口发病数占总数的77.87%,流动人口发病率是户籍人口发病率的2.70倍;<8月婴儿和20岁及以上成人占总发病数的66.68%;发病呈明显季节性变化,峰值为5月份,发病率存在地域性差异;无免疫史、免疫史不详者分别占总发病数的31.29%、59.10%。结论控制和消除麻疹重点在于加强对流动人口的管理,提高流动儿童麻疹疫苗及时接种率和2剂次免疫率;同时,须加强对流动人口成人麻疹的防控工作,应适时开展成人麻疹疫苗的强化免疫工作。Objective To know the epidemiology of measles in where the floating population climb sharply in order to provide the scientific evidences for controlling and eradicating measles. Methods Descriptive analysis was made from the data of measles in Jiading District from year 2004 to 2012. Results 687 cases were reported in the whole Jiading District from year 2004 to 2012. The average incidence of measles was 6.12/100 000, the floating population cases accounted for 77.87% of the total and the incidence of floating population was 2.70 times higher than the native population. Infants 8 months and adult over 20 years old accounted for66.68% of the total cases. There was a significant seasonal change that May was the seasonal peak of measles. Regional differences were found in the incidence. 31.29% of the cases had no history of measles immunization and 59.10% had unknown inoculation history. Conclusion Actions should be taken to strengthen the administration of the floating population. The floating children＇s coverage of 2 doses and timely coverage of the first dose of measles vaccine should be guaranteed. Meanwhile, we should strengthen the prevention and control of measles to the adult of floating population, and expand the range of intensive immunity about measles among the adult groups.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行病学 防控策略 流动人口 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]