某高校对大学生结核菌感染者干预及4年跟踪的结果分析  

Analysis of the result of intervention and 4-consecutive-year tracking for TB infections of a university

作　　者：王秋芳[1] 韩藏佩[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学医院,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第17期3215-3217,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解对大学生结核菌感染者进行相关干预及连续4年跟踪在控制结核病发病及传播方面取得的结果,为高校结核病防控工作提供参考。方法对河北科技大学2007级学生中结核菌感染者进行预防性医学干预和连续4年跟踪观察,并观察干预效果;对疑似肺结核病例进一步明确诊断并治疗;确诊病例及时隔离治疗,并登记管理及跟踪。结果 2007级学生在校4年来结核菌感染总人数逐年明显增加(χ2值分别为184.51和76.49,P<0.01);而新增感染者人数逐年明显下降(χ2值分别为166.62和37.95,P<0.01),两者差异均有统计学意义,每年新增结核病发病人数稳定,年发病率4年差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.71,P>0.05),平均年发病率为232.0/10万,发病者中痰涂阳性占8.93%;在预防用药方面,肌肉注射"母牛分枝杆菌"(微卡)和口服传统药物预防效果相比差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.59,P>0.05)。结论大学生每年进行一次结核病筛查,对结核菌感染者采取相关干预和跟踪管理,可有效控制结核病发病及传播,避免结核病在高校暴发流行。Objective To understand the result of relevant intervention and 4-consecutive-year tracking and for college students in tuberculosis（TB） infection, to provide reference for colleges and universities to prevent and control TB. Methods Performed 4-consecutive-year PPD test with all students of 2007-year-grade of Hebei University of Science and Technology, provided medical intervention and followed up the TB infections and observed the effect of intervention.The suspected TB cases were offered further clarified diagnosis and treatment; the confirmed cases were treated timely in isolation and were given registration and tracking. Results The number of TB infections of 2007-year-grade students increased significantly year by year in the four years（χ^2=184.51 and 76.49, P〈0.01）, but the number of new infections decreased significantly year by year（χ^2=166.62 and 37.95, P〈0.01）. The rate of the incidence of TB did not show statistical significance in the four years（χ^2=0.71, P〉0.05）, the average annual incidence of TB was 232.0/100 000, and there were 8.93% students with sputum smear-positive in the TB cases. In preventive treatment, there were no statistical significance between vaccae（Mycobacterium vaccae） injection and oral preventive medication（χ^2=0.59, P〉0.05）. Conclusion It is a set of effective control mode to avoid tuberculosis（TB） outbreaks in universities that college students are provided a TB investigation annually and the TB infections are given relevant intervention and tracking.

关 键 词：大学生 结核 医学干预 跟踪 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]