黄河泥沙作为采煤沉陷地充填复垦材料的可行性分析  

Feasibility analysis of Yellow River sediment used as the filling reclamation material of mining subsidence land

作　　者：王培俊[1] 胡振琪[1] 邵芳[1] 蒋知栋[1] 乔志勇[1] 刘东文[1] 陈亚凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)土地复垦与生态重建研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2014年第6期1133-1139,共7页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAC04B03)

摘　　要：目前已有的高潜水位平原地区的采煤沉陷地充填复垦技术存在充填物料数量不足和潜在污染性的问题。为分析黄河泥沙用作采煤沉陷地充填复垦材料的可行性,在济宁市梁山县陈垓引黄闸上游的黄河浅滩处及附近正常耕种的农田内采集了9个土壤剖面样和3个泥沙表层样,运用ICP-AES等手段对其土壤质地、pH值、电导率、有机质、营养物质和8种重金属(As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn,Hg)等理化指标进行了定量分析。结果表明:①黄河泥沙质地类型属于砂土,保水保肥性能差。②黄河泥沙的pH呈弱碱性,电导率值很小,能满足大多数作物的生长要求。③黄河泥沙的有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全钾、速效钾、全磷和有效磷含量处于中下、低或很低水平,用作充填复垦材料需要采取适当措施加以改良。④黄河泥沙中的Cd和Hg未检出,Cr,Cu,Zn,Pb,Ni和As含量均未超过《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618—1995)二级和三级标准值,不会造成污染。黄河泥沙用作采煤沉陷地的充填复垦材料是可行的,但需改善其保水保肥性能和肥力水平。The shortage and potential contamination of the materials of filling reclamation of mining subsidence land in plain area with high groundwater level is serious. In order to analyze the feasibility of Yellow River sediment used as the filling reclamation material of mining subsidence land,nine soil profile samples of the control farmland and three surface sediment samples of the Yellow River shoal at the upstream of Chengai diversion gate in Liangshan County of Jining City were collected. Soil texture,pH,electrical conductivity,organic matter,nutrient substance and eight heavy metals（ As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn,Hg） were analyzed by ICP-AES and other methods. The results indicate that the texture type of Yellow River sediment is sandy soil and its capacity to retain water and nutrients is poor; the pH of Yellow River sediment is weakly alkaline,electrical conductivity is very low,but they can meet the requirement as the reclaimed material; the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,total potassium,available potassium,total phosphorus and available phosphorus of Yellow River sediment are at the levels of middle,low or very low and its fertility needs to be improved as the reclaimed material; Cd and Hg are not detected in the Yellow River sediment,and the contents of Cr,Cu,Zn,Pb,Ni and As are less than the first and second level values of Environmentalquality standard for soils（ GB 15618—1995）,it won＇t cause pollution as the filling reclamation material. It＇s feasible for Yellow River sediment used as the filling reclamation material of mining subsidence land,but its fertility and capacity to retain water and nutrients need to be improved.

关 键 词：黄河泥沙 采煤沉陷地 充填复垦 理化性状 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采]