阳泉耐火砖窑炉NO_x生成机理及其排放量核算与控制  

Generation mechanism and emission calculation and control of NO_x in Yangquan firebrick kilns

作　　者：徐东耀[1] 韩东银[1] 尹辰贤 刘伟[1] 孙智君[1] 杨巧文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2014年第6期1164-1171,共8页Journal of China Coal Society

摘　　要：为系统研究耐火砖窑炉NOx的生成机理及其排放量核算与控制,对阳泉耐火工业基地进行研究。通过分析不同耐火砖砖型、炉型及燃料类型,结合NOx一般生成机理发现：发生炉煤气耐火砖窑炉NOx主要是燃料型,其次是热力型;天然气耐火砖窑炉NOx主要是热力型,其次是快速型,富氧燃烧时只有热力型NOx。采用监测数据法和排污系数法分别核算不同砖型、炉型、燃料类型下NOx的排放速率和排放浓度,并用数据法对系数法进行检验,结果表明：后者的煤气窑核算值均小于前者,一般偏差较小（2%-3%）;后者的天然气窑核算值均大于前者,一般偏差较大（〉25%）;两者比较检验也验证了两种燃料的耐火砖窑炉的NOx生成机理;排污系数法配合一定的监测数据法的校正来核算NOx排放量,结果可靠,方法便捷。NOx污染的单项质量评价显示：煤气窑NOx排放浓度监测值超标1.05-1.66倍,黏土砖监测值低于硅砖和高铝砖,间歇型窑炉低于连续型窑炉;天然气窑NOx排放正常,高铝砖、硅砖、黏土砖NOx排放浓度监测值依次降低,间歇型窑炉高于连续型窑炉;相同砖型和窑型天然气窑NOx排放浓度均低于煤气窑;提出了NOx控制措施。This study researched formation mechanism and emission calculation and control of firebrick kiln NOxin Yangquan refractory industry base. On the basis of analyzing different types of firebricks,furnaces and fuels combined with the NOxformation mechanism,it is revealed that the formation types of NOxin the sequence followed by fuel-NOx and thermal-NOxwhen forming in the producer gas firebrick kiln,and ones followed by prompt-NOxand thermal-NOx in the natural gas firebrick kiln,while only thermal-NOxunder oxygen-enriched combustion. The NOxdischarge rate and concentration of different fuels,bricks and furnaces were separately measured and calculated by the methods of data monitoring and discharge coefficient,with the latter tested by the former. The results show that： all values of the latter are lower than the former in the producer gas and the deviations are very small（ 2%-3%）,while the latter are all higher than the former in the natural gas and the deviations are very large（ 25%）; the above-mentioned NOxformation mechanisms are also verified; it is reliable and convenient to calculate NOxemissions when using the dischargecoefficient method,which is adjusted by data monitoring method. The single quality evaluation of NOxis carried out：the monitored NOxemission concentration is 1. 05 to 1. 66 times as large as the standard in the producer gas and that of the clay brick is smaller than others,while the values of intermittent type kiln are smaller than the continuous furnace; they decrease in the sequence of high alumina brick,silica brick and clay brick when the NOxemission of gas kiln is normal. The feasible control measures were proposed,which would lay the foundation for total quantity control of NOxin China.

关 键 词：耐火砖窑炉 氮氧化物生成 排放量 控制措施 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]