学前儿童入学准备的类型及其与自信心、焦虑的关系  

Types of Preschoolers' School Readiness and Their Relationship with Self-confidence and Anxiety

作　　者：高丙成[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国教育科学研究院基础教育研究中心,北京100088

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2014年第5期504-511,共8页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：中国教育科学研究院基本科研业务费专项基金课题"中国学前教育发展报告2013(GY2013003)";"6岁儿童入学准备状态的测评研究(GY2013XDY16)";教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关项目"学前教育体制与机制改革研究(10JZD0035)"的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：利用潜在剖面分析法和辨别分析法对744名幼儿园大班儿童入学准备的类型进行了分类,探讨了不同类型儿童入学准备的特点;不仅使用变量为中心范式考察了儿童入学准备与心理健康的关系,而且使用个体为中心范式分析了不同类型儿童心理健康状况的差异。研究结果表明:(1)儿童入学准备的性别差异不显著;随着家长学历的升高,儿童入学准备水平呈现增高的趋势;(2)儿童入学准备分为成熟型、普通型和滞后型3种。成熟型儿童的入学准备水平最高,滞后型儿童的入学准备水平最低,而普通型儿童的入学准备水平处于成熟型和滞后型之间;(3)儿童入学准备和自信心显著正相关,与焦虑显著负相关;不同入学准备类型儿童的自信心和焦虑均差异显著。744 preschoolers have been investigated for their school readiness with latent profile analysis and discriminate analysis to explore types of school readiness and their differences of self-confidence and anxiety. It was found as follows： （1） Children school readiness level was correlated with parent educational differences, but there existed little gender difference. （2） Preschoolers＇ school readiness could be divided into three types, including mature type, common type and backward type. Students of mature type had the highest level of school readiness; students of backward type had the lowest level of school readiness; while preschoolers of common type had the intermediate school readiness. （3）Preschoolers＇ school readiness had significant positive correlation ship with their self-confidence and negative correlation ship with anxiety; Preschoolers with different types of school readiness had significant differences in their self-confidence and anxiety.

关 键 词：入学准备 自信心 焦虑 心理健康 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]