2011-2012年维持性血液透析患者HBV感染及乙型肝炎疫苗预防调查200例  

Status of hepatitis B virus infection and hepatitis B vaccination in maintenance hemodialysis patients

作　　者：刘绥军[1] 张芙萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安市中心医院血透室,陕西省西安市710004 [2]延安大学附属医院,陕西省延安市716000

出　　处：《世界华人消化杂志》2014年第25期3839-3842,共4页World Chinese Journal of Digestology

摘　　要：目的:调查维持性血液透析患者乙型肝炎病毒感染情况与乙型肝炎疫苗接种的现状,为以后临床中控制该病提供参考.方法:选取2011-01/2012-12西安市中心医院收治的维持性血液透析患者200例为研究组,并且选取同期健康体检200名为对照组.分析其乙型肝炎病毒感染情况,并调查乙型肝炎疫苗接种状况.结果:乙型肝炎表面抗体(hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb)单独阳性除外,研究组乙型肝炎病毒感染率为17.5%,对照组乙型肝炎病毒感染率为3.0%,研究组乙型肝炎病毒感染率明显地高于对照组,有统计学意义(P<0.05).研究组与对照组乙型肝炎表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen)、HBsAb、乙肝核心抗体(hepatitis B core antibody)、乙型肝炎e抗体(hepatitis B e antibody)检出率比较具有明显的差异,有统计学意义(P<0.05).研究组与对照组乙型肝炎e抗原(hepatitis B e antigen)检出率比较无明显的差异,无统计学意义(P>0.05).研究组乙型肝炎疫苗接种率为29.0%,对照组乙型肝炎疫苗接种率为31.0%.两组接种率比较无明显的差异,无统计学意义(P>0.05).两组注重个人卫生没有必要接种、怀疑免疫效果、认为接种过程麻烦、不明确接种预防的比例比无明显的差异,无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组经济原因比例比较有明显的差异,有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:维持性血液透析患者多数存在有乙型肝炎病毒感染携带,临床中应加强医源性感染控制,并且积极的推广乙型肝炎疫苗接种,从而降低感染.AIM： To investigate the status of hepatitis B virus infection and hepatitis B vaccination in maintenance hemodialysis patients. METHODS： Two hundred patients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis at our hospital from January 2011 to December 2012 were included as a study group, and 200 healthy subjects were used as controls. The status of hepatitis B virus infection and hepatitis B vaccination was analyzed and compared between the two groups.RESULTS： After excluding those positive for HBsAb alone, the rate of hepatitis B virus infection in the study group was 17.5%, significantly higher than that in the control group（P 0.05）.The detection rates of hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg）, hepatitis B surface antibody（HBsAb）, hepatitis B core antibody（HBcAb） and hepatitis B e antibody（HBeAb） differed significantly between the two groups（P 0.05）, although the detection rate of HBeAg showed no significant difference（P 0.05）. The rate of hepatitis B vaccination did not differ significantly between the study group and control group（29.0% vs 31.0%, P 0.05）. The percentage of patients who did not receive vaccination for economic reasons differed significantly between the two groups（P 0.05）, although the percentages of patients who did not receive vaccination for other reasons did not differ（P 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The majority of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis have hepatitis B virus infection. Iatrogenic infection control and hepatitis B vaccination should be strengthened to reduce infection.

关 键 词：维持性血液透析 乙型肝炎病毒感染 乙型肝炎疫苗接种 调查分析 

分 类 号：R692.5[医药卫生—泌尿科学] R512.62[医药卫生—外科学]