我国医院效率的省域水平及影响因素分析——基于省际面板数据的DEA-Tobit估计  

An Analysis on Hospital Efficiency at Provincial Level and Its Influencing Factors in China——DEA-Tobit Estimation Based on the Provincial Panel Data

作　　者：张晓岚[1,2] 刘朝[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学经济与金融学院,陕西西安710061 [2]上海对外经贸大学会计学院,上海201620

出　　处：《华东经济管理》2014年第11期172-176,共5页East China Economic Management

基　　金：上海对外经贸大学085工程项目

摘　　要：文章基于2005-2011年我国31个省市的面板数据。首先,用DEA测算了各地区医院的综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率;其次,对效率值并进行了全国平均效率的动态比较和省域范围的横向比较;最后,利用受限因变量(Tobit)模型对影响效率值的经济规模、人口因素、医院资源等地区差异进行了检验。研究发现:我国医院平均综合技术效率除2007年下降外,整体呈上升趋势;平均纯技术效率的变化趋势与平均综合技术效率基本相似,也呈上升趋势,但平均规模效率变化没有显著变化;2009年以来的"医改"对医院效率的影响不明显;医院效率与地区经济发展水平没有必然联系;提高我国地区医院效率最有效的途径是增加技术人员比例;新型农村合作医疗对地区医院效率没有显著影响。The paper is based on the panel data of 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities in China from the year of 2005 to 2011. First of all,it measures the comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency in all regions by DEA method. Secondly,it makes the dynamical comparison on the national average efficiency and the horizontal comparison within the region at provincial level for these efficiency values. Finally,it carries out the test on regional differences of economic scale,population,hospital resources,which affect the efficiency values,by applying Tobit model. The results show that the overall trend of China’s hospital average comprehensive technical efficiency is in rise except the year of 2007. The average pure technical efficiency shows an upward trend,which is similar to the average comprehensive technical efficiency,but the average scale efficiency has no significant changes during the same period of time. The impact of the“Health Care Reform”on the hospital efficiency is not significant since it was carried out in 2009. There is no necessary connection between the hospital efficiency and the level of regional economic development. The most effective way to improve China’s hospital efficiency is to increase the proportion of technical staff. The new rural cooperative medical service has no remarkable effect on the regional hospital efficiency.

关 键 词：数据包络分析 受限因变量模型 医院效率 

分 类 号：F062.6[经济管理—政治经济学]