墨西哥革命后“国家重建”时期的土地改革(1920—1934年)  

The Agrarian Reform in Mexico during the National Reconstruction from 1920 to 1934

作　　者：董经胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系,北京100871

出　　处：《史学集刊》2014年第6期85-92,102,共9页Collected Papers of History Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"现代化进程中的农民和国家:墨西哥经验研究"(09YJA770001)的阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：1920-1934年的"国家重建时期",为了维持农村地区的社会秩序,在应对多起反政府的叛乱中赢得农民的支持,以加强中央政府的权力,墨西哥政府推行了一定程度的土地改革。但是,受领导人的国家发展理念以及农村地区复杂的社会阶级关系和农民的传统观念等因素的影响,随着国家政权的逐渐巩固,土地改革的步伐在"索诺拉王朝"后期逐渐减缓,总体效果并不明显。直到1934—1940年卡德纳斯政府期间,才通过较彻底的土地改革,使墨西哥的土地制度发生了根本性的转变。der in the to strength During the period of national reconstruction from 1920 to 1934, in order to maintain the social orcountryside, to obtain the support of the peasants and cope with the anti - governmental revolts so as en the power of the central government, the agrarian reform was carried out to a certain degree. However, due to the national developmental strategy of the national leaders, the political manipulation of the land distribution, complicated social relations in the countryside and traditional ideas of the peasants, the step of the agrarian reform slowed down during the late Sonora Dynasty without significant achievements. Only after Lazaro Cardenas took power after 1934, the land system had been fundamentally changed through radical agrarian reform.

关 键 词：墨西哥革命 土地改革 大庄园 村社 

分 类 号：D773.1[政治法律—政治学]