基于激光扫描的离心泵闭式叶轮反求技术  

Technology for Seeking Solutions Reversely to the Closed Impellers of a Centrifugal Pump Based on the Laser Scanning

作　　者：张伟[1] 赖喜德[1] 宋威[1] 雷明川[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华大学能源与环境学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2014年第5期539-543,597,共5页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51379179);流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室(西华大学)项目(SBZDPY-11-7);西华大学研究生创新基金项目(ycjj2014176)

摘　　要：针对激光扫描无法探测到闭式叶轮内部流道的问题,采用油泥填充方式代替内部流道结构进行数据采集。采用截面特征约束技术对盖板进行回转特征曲线重构并构建盖板三维模型,基于散乱点云数据的多视角拼接技术对油泥模型和盖板整体对齐,提取轴面组与油泥模型上、下端面相交数据进行型值点约束,构造出叶片与上、下盖板的交线并放样得到叶片曲面。重构模型精度检测表明,基于交线数据型值点约束与截面特征曲线约束相结合的重构技术可以满足泵类零件的工程精度需求,为激光扫描数据的闭式叶轮重构提供了一种准确、快速的反求方法。In the light of the problem that the laser scanning cannot detect the flow passages inside a closed type impeller,by using a flow passage filled with oil sludge,obtained was an oil sludge model. The sectional characteristics restriction technology was used to restructure the axisymmetric characteristic curves of the covers and obtain a three-dimensional model for the covers in the axisymmetrical way. Based on the multi-view-angle putting-together technology for scattered point-cloud data,the oil sludge model and the covers were made flush as a whole. With the rotating shaft center serving as the center,the shaft plane groups were established to intersect with the oil sludge model and obtain the point cloud data of the contour of the working surface and back surface of the blades. From the point cloud data obtained after the oil sludge model and the covers had been made flush as a whole,the point cloud data of the intersectional lines of the oil sludge model and the upper and lower end surface of the covers were extracted. The contours of the blades and the intersectional lines of the oil sludge model and covers were fitted and their spline curves were obtained. Finally,the curved surfaces of the blades were obtained through a lay-off. The precision of the restructuring model indicates that the restructuring technology based on the restriction and fitting of the intersectional line data combined with the restriction of the sectional characteristic curves can meet the precision requirements of engineering projects for parts of pumps and the same kind,thus offering an accurate and quick solution reverse seeking method for restructuring closed type impellers based on the data scanned by use of laser.

关 键 词：闭式叶轮 激光扫描 逆向重构 多视角拼接 

分 类 号：TP391.72[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]