肿瘤化疗患者感染病原菌分布及危险因素分析  

Analysis of pathogen distribution and risk factors for infections after tumor chemotherapy

作　　者：杨祺[1] 李朝霞[1] 徐婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学第四医院设备科,河北石家庄050011

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第20期5008-5009,5012,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：河北省科学技术厅基金资助项目(20092443)

摘　　要：目的研究肿瘤化疗患者感染病原菌分布及其对抗菌药物的耐药率,探讨发生医院感染的危险因素,分析肿瘤化疗后预防感染对策,控制肿瘤化疗后患者的感染。方法选择2011-2013年肿瘤化疗患者768例,利用BACTECTM9000全自动培养系统分离培养病原菌,采用K-B琼脂法进行药敏试验,研究肿瘤化疗患者医院感染的危险因素,数据采用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行分析,计数资料采用χ2检验。结果 768例肿瘤化疗患者中发生医院感染86例,感染率为11.20%;感染患者病原菌检出革兰阳性菌36株占39.13%,革兰阴性菌56株占60.87%;年龄大、住院时间长、进行手术、合并有其他疾病、进行侵入性操作以及未预防性应用抗菌药物等是肿瘤化疗患者医院感染的危险因素。结论肿瘤化疗患者医院感染率高,医护人员应采取措施控制化疗患者医院感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To study the pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance , and to investigate the risk factors of hospital infections in tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy .METHODS Totally 768 tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy during 2011 -2013 were chosen ,pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured by BACTECTM9000 full-automatic culture system ,and drug resistance was tested by K-B agar .Risk factors of hospital infections in tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy were investigated by comparing factors between infection patients and non-infection patients .Data were analyzed by SPSS 13 .0 and numeral data were analyzed byχ^2 test .RESULTS The occurrence of hospital infection in tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy was 11 .20%（86 out of 768 patients） .There were 36 strains of gram positive bacteria accounting for 39 .12% ,56 strains of gram negative pathogens accounting for 60 .87% . The risk factors of infection included advanced age , long hospital stays ,surgery ,complication with other diseases ,the application of invasive operation and no application of prophylactic antibiotics .CONCLUSIONS The occurrence ratio of hospital infection after chemotherapy is high , nursing measures should be taken to prevent hospital infections after chemotherapy .

关 键 词：肿瘤 化疗 感染 危险因素 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]