氮肥运筹方式对超级稻茎蘖动态、后期光合性能及产量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Modes on Tillering Dynamic,Photosynthetic Performance and Grain Yield of Super Hybrid Rice

作　　者：杨安中[1] 吴文革[2] 段素梅[1] 许有尊[2] 陈刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院农学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]安徽农业科学院水稻研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2014年第5期65-69,共5页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B06);安徽省蚌埠市科技计划项目(BB201005)

摘　　要：在总施尿素量600 kg/hm2条件下,研究了氮肥运筹方式对超级稻扬两优6号及新两优6号茎蘖动态、后期光合性能及产量的影响。结果表明,与全部作基肥相比,重施分蘖肥(基肥、分蘖肥各占50%)使分蘖期延长,无效分蘖增加,每穗粒数及粒重下降,产量降低;适当减少分蘖肥、增加穂粒肥,使分蘖期缩短,无效分蘖减少,后期光合性能提高,每穗粒数、粒重增加,产量提高。其中,以基肥、分蘖肥、促花肥、保花肥、粒肥用量比为1∶1∶0∶0∶0的处理产量最低,较对照(全部作基肥)分别减产7.69%和6.32%,基肥、分蘖肥、促花肥、保花肥、粒肥用量比为3∶1∶1∶1∶0的处理产量最高,较对照分别增产22.86%和27.15%。The effects of nitrogen application modes were studied on tillering dynamic,photosynthetic performance and grain yield of super hybrid rice varieties Yangliangyou 6 and Xinliangyou 6 under the amount of nitrogen applied at 600 kg /hm^2 of urea. The results showed that,compared with the control（100% basal）,the treatment with heavy topdressing of tillering fertilizer（50% basal ＋ 50% tillering） had a longer tillering period with more nonproductive tillers,fewer spikelets per panicle and lighter grains and ultimately a lower grain yield. When the amount of tillering fertilizer was decreased and that of panicle fertilizer was increased,the tillering period was shortened and the number of nonproductive tillers was lowered,resulting in an increase in photosynthetic performance in later stage,the number of spikelets per panicle,grain weight and finally grain yield. Among all of the tested nitrogen application modes,the treatment with a ratio of basal fertilizer ： tillering fertilizer： spikelet-promoting fertilizer：spikelet-protecting fertilizer ： grain fertilizer at 1∶ 1∶ 0∶ 0∶ 0 had the lowest grain yield（7. 69% and 6. 32% lower than that of the control for Yangliangyou 6 and Xinliangyou 6,respectively）,while that with a ratio at 3∶ 1∶ 1∶ 1∶ 0had the highest grain yield（22. 86% and 27. 15% higher than that of the control,respectively）.

关 键 词：氮肥运筹 超级稻 茎蘖动态 光合性能 产量 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学] S413.1