试析弱势群体概念及相关研究的理论基础  

On the Concept of Disadvantaged Mass and the Theoretical Basis of Disadvantaged Mass Study

作　　者：李倡平 孙中民[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省教育科学研究院 [2]湖南第一师范学院

出　　处：《当代教育论坛》2014年第5期25-32,共8页forum on contemporary education

基　　金：全国教育科学"十一五"规划教育部重点课题"教育公平视野下义务教育阶段弱势群体子女教育保障研究"(课题批准号:DHA1002422)的成果之一

摘　　要：所谓弱势群体是指在生活物质条件、权力和权利、社会声望、竞争能力以及发展机会等方面处于弱势地位的群体。一般可分为两类,即社会性弱势群体和生理性弱势群体。其基本特征为个人及家庭生活达不到社会认可的最基本标准。弱势群体的风险承受能力较差,可利用资源非常稀缺。往往依靠自身的力量难以改变其弱势地位,需要国家和社会力量的帮助或支持才能改变其弱势地位。弱势群体相关研究理论基础主要包括社会冲突理论、社会分层理论、公民权理论、社会达尔文主义和社会系统理论等。The disadvantaged mass is the special material conditions, in rights and power, in social prestige group of people that is in disadvantageous position in and competitive ability, and in development opportunity. The disadvantaged mass canbe of two types： social disadvantaged mass and physiological disadvantaged mass. The main feature of disadvantaged mass is that the group of people whose individual or family living conditions are well below the basic standards adopted by the society. The disadvantaged mass has weak risk tolerance and scarce available resources, and therefore the mass could not change its disadvantaged position without the help and support from the state and society. The basic theories of disadvantaged mass study are social conflict theories, social stratification theories, citizenship theories, social Darwinist racism and social system theories.

关 键 词：弱势群体 概念界定 理论基础 

分 类 号：C913.9[经济管理]