阻燃化改性海泡石纤维/LDPE复合材料的制备与性能  

Preparation And Property of Flame Retardant Modified Sepiolite / Low Density Polyethylene Composites

作　　者：李良君[1] 李少先[1] 赵雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《西南科技大学学报》2014年第3期1-5,32,共6页Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology

摘　　要：采用带有高活性端基的无卤膨胀型阻燃剂(PSPHD)对海泡石纤维(SEP)进行接枝改性,制备了阻燃化海泡石纤维(PSPHD-SEP);通过熔融共混制备了低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)/海泡石纤维阻燃复合材料;通过拉伸试验和冲击试验对LDPE/SEP,LDPE/PSPHD-SEP复合材料进行了力学性能分析;通过氧指数(LOI)以及垂直燃烧(UL-94)对复合材料的阻燃性能进行了研究;利用扫描电镜(SEM)、漫反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(DR-FTIR)对燃烧后的炭层结构和组成进行了表征和分析。结果表明:两组复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度随海泡石量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,且在相同添加量条件下,LDPE/PSPHD-SEP体系的拉伸强度和冲击强度更高。阻燃化改性海泡石纤维(PSPHD-SEP)提高了复合材料的阻燃性能,在与聚磷酸铵(APP)、季戊四醇(PER)的复配体系中,当阻燃化改性海泡石纤维添加量达到5%时,复合材料的氧指数达到26.8,垂直燃烧测试达到V-0级。PSPHD促进了炭层与海泡石纤维的交联,形成更加致密的炭层,大幅提高了复合材料燃烧后的残炭量。The flame retardant modified sepiolite（PSPHD-SEP） was prepared by grafation reaction between sepiolite fiber and intumenscent flame retardant（PSPHD） containing active end-group P-Cl. The LDPE /PSPHD-SEP and LDPE /PSPHD-SEP /FR composites were prepared by melt blending. The tensile and impact properties of LDPE /SEP,LDPE /PSPHD-SEP composites were tested. The flame retardant property of various composites were investigated by using oxygen index method（LOI）,vertical flammability test（UL-94）. The structure and component of residual carbon layer after burning were characterized by SEM and diffuse reflectance infrared Fouier transform spectroscopy respectively. The tensile strength and impact strength of composites increased and then decreased as the addition rising up,and at the same loading,LDPE /PSPHD-SEP system shows better tensile and impact strength. The addition of flame-retardant modified sepiolite significantly can improve the flame retardant property of LDPE. For LDPE /PSPHD-SEP /APP /PER system,when the PSPHD-SEP content reach 5%,the oxygen index is 26. 8,vertical burning level is V-0. The results show that the introduction of PSPHD can promote the cross-linking between sepiolite fiber and char layer,then resulting in the formation of compact char layer.

关 键 词：低密度聚乙烯 海泡石 碳层 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]