区域气候变化对纳帕海湖滨植物生理生化特性的影响  

Impacts of regional climate condition variations on physiological and biochemical properties of aquatic plants in Napahai Wetland

作　　者：董瑜[1] 田昆[1,2] 肖德荣 张昆 郭绪虎[1] 李娟[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650224 [2]国家高原湿地研究中心,昆明650224 [3]西南林业大学园林学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第19期5570-5578,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40971285;41001332);973计划前期研究专项(2012CB426509);云南省应用基础研究(2011FB069);云南省科技创新人才计划(2012HC007)

摘　　要：高原湿地是我国重要的生态屏障,关乎流域生态安全。随着气候变暖和极端气候事件频发,探讨高原湿地植物对气候变化的生理生化响应及温度胁迫带来的伤害,对维系高原湿地生态系统的稳定,应对全球气候变化具有重要意义。以高原地区典型湿地纳帕海为研究对象,将适应了纳帕海湿地气候条件的4种优势植物连同生长基质组成的植物-土壤单元,移至不同区域气候条件的拉市海湿地和昆明滇池流域,分析气候变化影响下,4种湿地植物原位异地后的丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性糖(SS)、过氧化物酶(POD)含量等反映植物受到逆境胁迫的生理生化指标变化。研究结果表明,湿地植物虽是隐域植物,但气候变化对其生长产生显著影响,不同湿地植物对气候变化的适应性不同,水葱(Scirpus tabernaemontani)和茭草(Zizania caduciflora)等广布种能够很好地适应气候变暖,两者生物量均随温度上升而增加,在拉市海的增长率分别高达196%和190%,在昆明分别增至487%和408%,MDA、Pro、POD含量则随温度上升而下降,在拉市海的最高降幅分别为16%和24%、27%和12%、14%和58%,在昆明的最高降幅分别为31%和24%、52%和25%、48%和73%,气候的暖化更有利于其生长。刘氏荸荠(Heleocharis liouana)虽为广布种,尽管气候变化对其产生了胁迫,但能通过调节自身的代谢物质来抵御这种变化,反映了广布种对气候变化较强的适应性。小黑三棱(Sparganium simplex),对气候变化较为敏感,随温度的升高其生物量在拉市海的增长率达17%,而在温度更高的昆明则减少了20%,呈现先升高后下降的趋势,同时体内各相关抗逆指标也呈现先下降后上升的趋势,MDA降至0.001387μmol/g,后迅速增至0.002739μmol/g、Pro降至13.386891μg/g,后增至18.172878μg/g,温度升高到一定程度对其产生了不利影响。对于这样一种生态幅较窄的物种,随着气候条件的改变,其�Plateau wetland provides an ecological protection barrier for the safety of watershed. As appearance of global climate warming and climatic anomaly, to understand the physiological and biochemical response of aquatic plants in the plateau region to the climate change and the harms under the temperature stress is critical for maintaining the plateau ecosystem and dealing with the climate change. 4 dominant plant species of Scirpus tabernaemontani, Zizania caduciflora and Heleocharis liouana, Sparganium simplex with their original soils in the lakeside of Napahai, a typical wetland in plateau region of northwestern Yunnan were selected to study the impacts of regional climate condition variations on physiological and biochemical properties of those plants. Got with local climate conditions of Napahai in Shangrila those plants with their growing soils were removed as a soil-plant unit to Lashi Lake in Lijiang and Dianchi watershed in Kunming where the climate conditions are different. Comparing with original growing area, the variations of index of physiological and biochemical to indicate adversity stress, including MDA, Pro, SS and POD were analyzed under the impacts of climatic change. The results showed that even though wetland plant is azonal plant but affected significantly by the climate change and the response to the climate change was different from plants. Such widespread species as Scirpus tabernaemontani and Zizania caduciflora could well adapt to climate warming and grow better. With temperature rise, both of their biomass increased to 196% and 190% in Lashihai Lake and 487% and 408% in Dianchi watershed, respectively. But content of MDA, Pro,POD all fell from 16%, 27%, 14% in Lashi Lake to 31%, 52%, 48% in Dianchi watershed for Scirpus tabernaemontani, and 24%, 12%, 58% in Lashihai Lake to 24%, 25%, 73% in Dianchi watershed for Zizania caduciflora, respectively. In spite of the stress of climate change, Heleocharis liouana, another widespread species could resist the alterability through its own metabo

关 键 词：纳帕海 高原湿地 温度胁迫 生理生化特性 原位异地 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]