园林树木增湿降温生态功能评价方法  

Optimal sampling positions for evaluating humidity increase and temperature reduction function of landscape trees

作　　者：郭太君[1] 林萌[1] 代新竹 黄勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学园艺学院,长春130118 [2]长春市动植物公园,长春130022

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第19期5679-5685,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：吉林省科技厅科技发展计划项目(20095038)

摘　　要：试验以吉林农业大学校园内的9种园林树木为研究对象,将树冠由外向内分为4个部位(分别记为表层A、外层B、中层C和内层D),分别测定各部位单位叶面积蒸腾降温量的变化规律,分析比较种内和种间不同部位单位叶面积增湿降温量的变化,以期探讨园林树木增湿降温生态功能评价的合理取样部位。结果表明:9种园林树木树冠各测定部位的单位叶面积增湿降温量均由树冠外围向树冠内部显著降低,树冠不同测定部位增湿降温量与平均值比较,种间SD和CV的变化大于种内。9个树种不同部位单位叶面积增湿量平均值为2.32 kg m-2d-1,降温量平均值为0.45℃。其中,表层A和外层B的增湿量较平均值分别提高了23.71%和10.77%,中层C和内层D分别较平均值下降了8.62%和26.46%;表层A和外层B的降温量较平均值分别提高了22.22%和11.11%,中层C和内层D分别较平均值下降了8.89%和26.67%;外层B和中层C平均增湿降温量为2.35 kg m-2d-1和0.46℃,与各测定部位平均值基本一致。9个树种各测定部位增湿降温量的偏离程度和和离散系数与平均值比较,外层B和中层C与各测定部位平均偏离程度接近,离散系数外层B最低。因此,在评价园林树木增湿降温生态功能时,提出用外层B或中层C偏向B点处的叶片作为取样部位更为合理。Nine species of landscape trees cultivated on the campus of Jilin Agricultural University were selected to investigate reasonable sampling positions for evaluating the trees ecological effects in terms of increasing humidity and reducing temperature through leaf area transpiration. The crown of each variety of tree was divided into four layers ; surface layer （part A）, outer layer （part B ）, middle layer （part C ） and inner layer （part D ）. The increased humidity and reduced temperature values of unit leaf area caused by transpiration in each layer were determined and compared with different layers within and among species. The results showed that except for the species Juglans mandshurica and Comus alba, nine tested species all showed the same feature in terms of the capacity to increase humidity and reduce temperature per unit leaf area in four layers： the surface layer （part A） 〉 the outer layer （part B） 〉 the middle layer（ part C） 〉 the inner layer （ part D）. The average values for increase in humidity of the surface layer （A） , outer layer （B） , middle layer （C） and inner layer （D） in the nine species were 2.87, 2.57, 2.12 and 1.73 kg m^-2 d^-1 respectively, and the average value was 2.32 kg m^-2 d^-l. Compared with the average values, the values of the surface layer （A） and outer layer （ B ） increased by 23.71% and 10.77% respectively. The values of the middle layer （C） and inner layer （D） decreased by 8.62% and 26.46% respectively. The average values for decrease in temperature in parts A, B, C and D were 0.55, 0.50, O. 41 and 0.33℃ respectively, and the average value was 0.45℃. Compared with the average values, the values of the surface layer （A） and outer layer （B） increased by 22.22% and 11.11% respectively. The values of the middle layer （C） and inner layer （D） decreased by 8.89% and 26.67% respectively. Among the nine species, the capacity to increase humidity and reduce temperature in arbor life forms was bett

关 键 词：园林树木 增湿降温 评价方法 

分 类 号：S718.45[农业科学—林学]