辽宁省主要河流水生态状况评价及保护对策  

Evaluation and Protection of Ecological Conditions in the Primary Rivers of Liaoning Province

作　　者：陈艳丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水利水电勘测设计研究院,辽宁沈阳110006

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2014年第5期28-33,共6页Journal of Hydroecology

摘　　要：从水文水资源、水环境状况、河流的物理形态、生物状况和社会环境等5方面,基于2012年各河流水功能区水质监测数据以及1956-2010年长序列水文资料分析、各河流水生态现状调查及水质监测结果,应用模糊数学的方法建立水生态状况评价模型,评价辽河干流、浑河、太子河等12条河流水生态状况。浑江桓仁水库以下、蒲石河、爱河和大洋河总体评价为优,太子河葠窝水库以上段为良,清河、小凌河和六股河为中,辽河干流、绕阳河、浑河、太子河葠窝水库以下段、大凌河为劣。各河段的约束指标,浑江桓仁水库以下、爱河、蒲石河等为纵向连通性,清河和太子河葠窝水库以上为水资源开发利用程度和纵向连通性,辽河干流、绕阳河和大凌河白石水库以下为生态基流满足程度和水功能区达标率,六股河为生态基流满足程度,小凌河为生态基流满足程度和纵向连通性,太子河葠窝水库以下河段为水资源开发利用程度和水功能区达标率,浑河为水资源开发利用程度、生态基流满足程度、纵向连通性和水功能区水质达标率。Because water quality parameters do not well reflect the ecological condition of rivers,scientists rely on ecosystem evaluation systems. The literature indicates two primary methods in current use for evaluating aquatic ecological conditions in China： a multi-index evaluation method,based on water quality and biological indicators,and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process（ FAHP）,based on water quantity,quality,aquatic life,riparian zone condition and river morphology. In order to understand the ecological condition of the rivers in Liaoning province,five evaluation parameters were used that included the hydrology,water quality,river morphology,biological condition and the social environment. The ecological condition of 12 primary rivers in Liaoning Province,distributed across the province,was evaluated using a fuzzy comprehensive assessment model. The construction of the model was based on water quality monitoring data for each river from 2012,analysis of long term hydrological data（ 1956- 2010） and evaluation of water ecological status using fuzzy mathematics. Evaluation results indicate the following water ecological conditions： The downstream sections of the Hunjiang,Pushihe,Aihe and Dayanghe rivers are excellent; the upstream section of the Taizihe River is good; the Qinghe,Xiaolinghe and Lieguhe rivers are moderate; the main stems of the Liaohe,Raoyanghe and Hunhe rivers and the downstream sections of Taizihe and Dalinghe Rivers are poor. The main factors affecting the ecological conditions of the rivers include longitudinal connectivity,degree of water resource development and utilization,base flow and water qualification rate. Based on the results,the following countermeasures and engineering measures are recommended： 1） Control point source and nonpoint source pollution,limit total pollution loads to rivers and strengthen management of the water catchment area;2） improve connectivity of the upstream and downstream sections; 3） operate the dam and water storage projects on the rivers so

关 键 词：河流 水生态状况 评价 辽宁省 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]