牧野湖浮游植物时空分布及水质分析  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Dynamics of Phytoplankton in Muye Lake and their Relationship with Environmental Factors

作　　者：马剑敏[1] 杨程[1] 靳萍[1] 蔺庆伟[1] 徐婷婷[1] 杨佩昀 靳同霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2014年第5期68-74,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：新乡市重点科技攻关计划(ZG11002)

摘　　要：2012年9月至2013年8月,按月对牧野湖的水质及浮游植物群落结构开展了初步调查。共发现浮游植物87属147种;其中,黄藻门和隐藻门各6种,金藻门和甲藻门各4种,绿藻门57种,裸藻门23种,硅藻门29种,蓝藻门18种。2012年秋季到2013年春季浮游植物密度在7 400×104~9 100×104个/L,2013年夏季最高,为16 000×104个/L。秋、冬、春季密度较高的为绿藻和硅藻,所占比例：秋季绿藻32.2%、硅藻23.9%,冬季绿藻39.2%、硅藻24.5%,春季绿藻40%、硅藻51.7%;夏季密度较高的种群是蓝藻,占83%。湖区秋、冬、春、夏季Shannon多样性指数分别为1.3、1.27、1.06、0.48,Pielou均匀度指数也从0.35下降到0.175,表明从2012年秋季到2013年夏季牧野湖的水质是不断下降的。皮尔逊相关分析表明,湖区浮游植物的平均密度与Chl-a、CODCr、水温显著正相关（P〈0.05）;与TN、TP、NH＋4-N也有一定的正相关性,但未达到显著水平;与SD、NO-3-N之间有一定的负相关,但未达到显著水平。Muye Lake,in the central district of Xinxiang city,Henan Province,with an area of 1. 1x105m2,is a public place of leisure and entertainment for local people and is important ecologically. The phytoplankton community in Muye Lake,including the succession of spatial and temporal distribution,population composition,dominant species,and their relationship with the environmental factors,all reflect the water quality and lake dynamics. From September 2012 to August 2013,the structure of the phytoplankton community and associated environmental factors were analyzed monthly in Muye Lake. The relationship between the phytoplankton community and environmental factors was characterized based on the results. Five sample sites were selected,representing the upstream river channel,confluence,shoreline,pelagic zone and the downstream channel of the lake. Phytoplankton samples for qualitative analysis were collected with 25 μm plankton nets and fixed in 4% formaldehyde. 1 L samples for quantitative analysis were collected 0. 5m below the surface and concentrated to 30 ml by settling for 48 h. Phytoplankton was identified using a microscope. The water temperature（ WT）,transparency（ SD）,pH and dissolved oxygen（ DO） were measured at the sample site and the chemical oxygen demand（ CODCr）,total phosphorous（ TP）,total nitrogen（ TN）,NH＋4-N,NO-3-N,and chlorophyll a（ Chl-a） were measured in the laboratory within 48 h. A total of 147 species of phytoplankton belonging to 87 genera were identified,including 6 species of Xanthophyceae,6species of Cryptophyta,4 species of Chrysophyta,4 species of Pyrrophyta,57 species of Chlorophyta,23 species of Euglenophyta,29 species of Bacillariophyta and 18 species of Cyanophyta. The phytoplankton density ranged from7. 4 × 107 to 9. 1 × 107 cell /L,with the highest value of 16 × 107 cell /L observed during the summer of 2013. The phytoplankton community was dominated by Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta in autumn,winter and spring,accounting for 32. 2% and 23. 9% of the t

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 水质 牧野湖 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]