汤浦水库浮游甲壳类动物群落结构特征研究  

Community Structure of the Crustacean Zooplankton in Tangpu Reservoir

作　　者：陈明秀[1] 胡菊香[1] 沈强[1] 高少波[1] 米玮洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2014年第5期75-81,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51209148)

摘　　要：于2011年1-12月对汤浦水库浮游甲壳动物的群落结构组成及现存量进行了调查研究。结果表明,汤浦水库共鉴定出浮游甲壳动物52种,其中枝角类27种,桡足类25种;浮游甲壳动物种类春季最多,其次是夏秋季,冬季最少;枝角类年均密度为7.93个/L,最高值出现在7月,为20.60个/L,桡足类年均密度为13.51个/L,最高值出现在11月,为36.13个/L;水平分布上,枝角类和桡足类年均密度最高值均出现在双江溪,分别为12.55个/L和21.70个/L,库中心最低,分别为4.51个/L和6.67个/L;浮游甲壳动物Margalef多样性指数的季节变化与种类变化规律类似,最大值出现在5月的春季（5.32）,最小值出现在2月的冬季（1.76）;多样性指数的水平分布范围为3.97~4.96,均值为4.53,以取水口最高（4.96）,王化溪最低（3.97）。根据浮游甲壳动物Margalef多样性指数及前人研究成果判定汤浦水库应属于β中污-寡污型水体。Tangpu Reservoir fulfils several important social functions including water supply,flood control and water environment improvement. The study on the population dynamics of crustacean zooplankton in Tangpu Reservoir is a significant environmental monitoring effort that supports efforts to prevent eutrophication of Tangpu Reservoir.Monthly investigation of the community structure of crustacean zooplankton was performed at six sample sites in Tangpu reservoir from January to December 2011,with study emphasis on species composition,density and diversity of crustacean zooplankton. The sampling sites represent a range of zones： littoral,backwater and pelagic. Crustacean zooplanktons for qualitative analysis were collected using a No. 13 plankton net,fixed with 4% formalin. 20 L water samples for quantitative analysis were collected,filtered through plankton net No. 25（ diameter of 64 μm）,then concentrated to 50 mL and preserved with 4% formalin. The species identification and quantitative characteristics of crustacean zooplankton samples were determined under microscope and anatomical lens. A total of 52 crustacean zooplankton species including 27 cladocera and 25 copepoda were recorded. The species richness of crustacean zooplankton was the highest in spring,followed by summer,autumn and winter. The density of Cladocera averaged at7. 93 ind /L, with the highest value（ 20. 60 ind /L） in July, while the mean density of Copepoda was13. 51 ind /L, with the highest value（ 36. 13 ind /L） in November. The highest density of Cladocera（ 12.55 ind/L） and Copepoda（ 21. 70 ind/L） both occurred at Shuangjiangxi,where the relatively static water and plentiful nutrients supplied by two tributary inflows were beneficial for the growth of crustacean zooplankton.The lowest density of Cladocera（ 4. 51 ind /L） and Copepoda（ 6. 67 ind /L） appeared at the pelagic area of the reservoir. Margalef index in Tangpu Reservoir was high and the seasonal variation of Margalef index showed the same tendency as species

关 键 词：汤浦水库 浮游甲壳动物 群落结构 水质 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]