组合栽培对I-107欧美杨树生长及根际土壤特性的影响  

Effects of Different Assorted Measures on Growth and Rhizosphere Soil Characteristics of Populus×euramericana cv.‘Neva'

作　　者：邢尚军[1] 井大炜[2] 马海林[1] 杜振宇[1] 刘方春[1] 马丙尧[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省林业科学研究院,济南250014 [2]德州学院

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2014年第10期7-10,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题

摘　　要：以6年生I-107欧美杨为试材,研究了CK(对照,习惯施肥)、T1(断根+习惯施肥)、T2(断根+有机肥)、T3(断根+有机肥+覆膜)和T4(断根+有机肥+覆膜+灌溉)等不同措施对杨树生长及根际土壤学特征的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,T4处理明显增加了根际土壤中细菌数、真菌数、微生物总量及微生物量碳、氮质量分数,其中微生物量碳、氮质量分数分别增加190.02%和134.64%;还显著提高了根际土壤中脲酶、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶、蔗糖酶活性及有机碳、活性有机碳、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾质量分数和土壤电导率值,但明显降低了pH值。在4种组合措施中,以T4处理的胸径、树高和材积生长率最高,分别较CK提高77.42%、113.94%和83.17%。同T4处理相比,T1、T2和T3处理对杨树生长及根际土壤特性的影响作用较小。综合分析认为,断根、有机肥、覆膜和灌溉等措施的协同作用对I-107欧美杨生长的应用效果最佳。A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different combination of measures on the growth of six-yearold poplar（ Populus×euramericana cv.‘Neva＇） and biological characteristics of rhizosphere soil. Five treatments were included CK（ conventional fertilization）,T1（ root pruning and conventional fertilization）,T2（ root pruning and organic manure）,T3（ root pruning,organic manure and plastic mulching） and T4（ root pruning,organic manure,plastic mulching and irrigation）. T4 treatment significantly increased the bacteria population,fungus population,total microorganism amount,microbial biomass carbon（ MBC） and microbial biomass nitrogen（ MBN） compared to CK. Especially,MBC and MBN contents increased by 190.02% and 134.64%,respectively. The enzymatic activities of urease,catalase,polyphenol oxidase and invertase,the concentrations of total organic carbon,active organic carbon,alkaline hydrolysis N,available P and available K,and electrical conductivity in the rhizosphere soil were also improved by T4. However,the pH of rhizosphere soil was obviously decreased by T4. In addition,the growth rates of DBH（ diameter at breast height,1.3 m）,tree height and volume were the highest for T4,demonstrating significant increases by 77.42%,113.94% and 83.17% in comparison with CK,respectively. In contrast to T4,T1,T2 and T3had less effects on growth of Populus×euramericana cv.‘Neva＇and biological characteristics in the rhzosphere soil. The synergistic effect of root pruning,organic manure,plastic mulching and irrigation was beneficial to the growth of Populus×euramericana cv.‘Neva＇and rhizosphere soil characteristics.

关 键 词：欧美I-107杨 断根 有机肥 覆膜 灌溉 

分 类 号：S144.1[农业科学—肥料学] S792.11[农业科学—农业基础科学]