微孢子虫极管蛋白的研究进展  

Research Progress in Polar Tube Proteins of Microsporidia

作　　者：龙梦娴[1] 吴玉娇[1] 陈洁[1] 潘国庆[1] 李春峰[1] 李田[1] 陈果 周泽扬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]家蚕基因组生物学国家重点实验室,西南大学,重庆400715 [2]重庆师范大学生命科学学院,重庆400047 [3]重庆市食品药品检验所,重庆401121

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2014年第5期917-923,共7页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目(No.2012CB1146-04);高校博士学科点专项科研基金新教师类项目(No.2-0120182120014);中央高校基础研究项目(No.XDJK2012-C085);西南大学博士基金项目(No.SWU111081);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.31402138)

摘　　要：微孢子虫是一类专性细胞内寄生的真核微生物,可以感染无脊椎动物、脊椎动物乃至人类,引发的微孢子虫病对人类健康或经济动物生产造成严重危害。所有微孢子虫都拥有一个特殊的侵染结构——极管。极管蛋白(polar tube protein,PTP)特异定位于微孢子虫极管上,是组装极管的重要成分。本文综述了国内外有关微孢子虫极管蛋白的发现、分类、特征以及功能等方面的研究成果,重点介绍了3种主要极管蛋白PTP1、PTP2、PTP3的氨基酸组成特征、溶解特性和翻译后修饰特征,概述了ptp1、ptp2基因保守座位,PTP1、PTP2、PTP3蛋白之间的互作关系,以及极管蛋白在微孢子虫增殖与侵染宿主过程中发挥的生物学功能。微孢子虫极管蛋白的研究成果对于揭示微孢子虫侵染机制,准确诊断与有效防治微孢子虫病具有重要的理论和实用价值。Microsporidia are unicellular eukaryotes occurring as obligate intracellular parasites which infect most invertebrates and vertebrates including human,causing pebrine disease that severely endangers human health and economic animal farming. All microsporidia possess a unique infection structure,the polar tube. Polar tube proteins（ PTPs）,specifically located on the polar tube,is an important component in assembling of polar tube. This article reviews the research progress on discovery,classification,features,and functions of microsporidian polar tube proteins,and focuses on the three main polar tube proteins,PTP1,PTP2 and PTP3,on their characteristics including amino acid composition,solubility and post translational modification.Moreover,the conserved gene loci of ptp1 and ptp2,the interactive relationship between PTP1,PTP2 and PTP3,and the biological functions of PTPs in the process of microsporidium proliferation and infection are discussed. The research achievements in microsporidian polar tube proteins have important theoretical and practical values in revealing microsporidium infection mechanism,accurate diagnosis and effective control of pebrine disease.

关 键 词：微孢子虫 极管蛋白 生物学特征 功能 

分 类 号：S884[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]