仔猪肠道损伤修复营养调控及其机制和应用  

Mechanism and Application for Nutritional Regulations of Intestine Damage Repair in Piglets

作　　者：徐子伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,杭州310021

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第10期3033-3045,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36);国家青年科学基金项目(C170105/31101724;C170105/31101725);国家自然科学基金面上项目(C170105/31172220)

摘　　要：仔猪早期断奶是现代养猪业中的一项重要技术措施,但断奶应激又导致仔猪出现早期断奶综合征,尤其是肠道损伤。肠道正常的功能依赖肠道黏膜上皮屏障、免疫屏障、生物屏障的完整性来维持。断奶应激会导致仔猪肠道黏膜形态结构改变、肠上皮屏障通透性增加、消化吸收功能降低、黏液层厚度下降、肠道pH升高、免疫抑制、肠道微生物菌群失衡等,甚至造成肠道功能的继发性损伤和功能紊乱。因此,肠道损伤修复及其营养调控研究日益受到关注。直接或间接调控因子主要包括:1)多肽类生长因子。主要包括表皮生长因子(EGF)、胰高血糖素样肽-2(GLP-2)、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)和转化生长因子(TGF)等。本文介绍了本团队制备的猪胰高血糖素样肽-2(pGLP-2)长效化产物对降低仔猪肠道炎性反应,提高黏膜屏障功能的作用。2)微生态调控剂。包括益生菌制剂和抗菌肽。猪饲粮中常用益生菌有屎肠球菌、芽孢杆菌、植物乳杆菌、乳球菌、酵母菌等。已报道用于仔猪饲粮的抗菌肽主要有天蚕素、防御素、抗菌肽buforinⅡ、抗菌肽P5及复合肽等。3)营养代谢调控剂。报道较多的氨基酸及其衍生物有谷氨酰胺及其替代品α-酮戊二酸、L-精氨酸、N-乙酰半胱氨酸等。研究较多的其他调控剂还有短链脂肪酸、壳聚糖、植物多糖、锌和硒等。本文对上述各类损伤修复调控因子研究进展进行了综述。Early weaning for piglets is an important model in the modern swine industry. However, weaning stress leads to the early-weaning syndrome of piglets, and specially causes intestinal injury. Intestinal function mainly depends on the integrity of intestinal epithelial barrier, immune barrier and biological barrier. But weaning stress causes serious damages on the function of intestinal barrier of piglets, which are represented adverse effects in mucosal morphology, intestinal epithelial barrier permeability, digestive and absorptive function, the thickness of slime, intestinal pH, immunodepression and intestinal microflora, and so on. Therefore, studys on nutritional regulations of intestine damage repair have been attracted more and more attentions. In this respect, many direct or indirect regulators have been found, including polypeptide growth factors, microecology regulators, regulators of intestinal nutrition and metabolism： 1 ） polypeptide growth factors. Polypeptide growth factors mainly consist of epidermal growth factor （EGF）, glucagon-like peptide-2 （GLP-2）, insulin-like growth factor-I （IGF-I） and transforming growth factor （TGF）. Our team designed and produced the long-acting forms of porcine GLP-2 （ pGLP-2）, and verified that two products effectively alleviate intestinal inflammation and improve mucosal barrier function in piglets. 2） Microecology regulators. Regulators for intestinal microbi- ology include probiotics and antimicrobial peptides. The common probiotics in swine diet include Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and yeast. Reports of antimicrobial peptides in swine diet include cecropin, defensin, antibacterial peptide buforin I1 , antibacterial peptide P5 and composite peptide. 3） Regulators for intestinal nutrition and metabolism. There were many reports for amino acids and its derivatives, such as glutamine （Gin） , alpha-ketoglutaric acid （replacement of Gin） , L-arginine, N-acetylcysteine, etc. Short chain fatty acids, chitosa

关 键 词：断奶仔猪 肠道 损伤修复 多肽类生长因子 微生态调控剂 营养代谢调控剂 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]