基于血管弹性腔模型的脉搏波发生器的现场可编程门阵列设计与实现  

Design and Implementation of the Pulse Wave Generator with Field Programmable Gate Array Based on Windkessel Model

作　　者：王昊[1] 伏全海[1] 徐礼胜[1,2] 刘佳[1] 何殿宁[1] 李青春[3] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学中荷生物医学与信息工程学院,沈阳110004 [2]教育部医学影像计算重点实验室,沈阳110819 [3]辽宁省电力有限公司调度控制中心,沈阳110006

出　　处：《生物医学工程学杂志》2014年第5期989-993,共5页Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61374015);辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(201102067);教育部博士点基金资助项目(20110042120037);中央高校基本科研业务费探索导向重点项目资助(N110219001)

摘　　要：脉搏波中包含着人体心血管系统的生理和病理信息,已有的脉搏波检测设备对心血管疾病的临床诊断与治疗有很大帮助。为实现对脉搏波检测设备性能指标的测试,需要获得准确的波形;然而,现有的信号发生器不能提供精确对应多种生理、病理状态的脉搏波输入信号。本文基于弹性腔理论设计了一种脉搏波发生器,对心血管系统进行建模,得到四种不同阻力条件下波形输出,同时添加噪声选择、设置信噪比(SNR)等功能。由于需要系统具有便携、动态响应好、可扩展性强、低功耗等特点,所以本文采用了现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)作为硬件开发平台,在可编程片上系统(SOPC)开发流程下,完成了脉搏波生成算法设计、外围存储器及用户接口控制。通过液晶屏和触摸屏,用户可通过输入关键参数设定想要的脉搏波,在液晶屏上显示波形,同时输出低电压电压模拟信号。本文设计的脉搏波发生器结构简单,为脉搏波的教学与科研以及采集与诊断设备的检测提供了解决方案。Pulse waves contain rich physiological and pathological information of the human vascular system.The pulse wave diagnosis systems are very helpful for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Accurate pulse waveform is necessary to evaluate the performances of the pulse wave equipment.However,it is difficult to obtain accurate pulse waveform due to several kinds of physiological and pathological conditions for testing and maintaining the pulse wave acquisition devices.A pulse wave generator was designed and implemented in the present study for this application.The blood flow in the vessel was simulated by modeling the cardiovascular system with windkessel model.Pulse waves can be generated based on the vascular systems with four kinds of resistance.Some functional models such as setting up noise types and signal noise ratio（SNR）values were also added in the designed generator.With the need of portability,high speed dynamic response,scalability and low power consumption for the system,field programmable gate array（FPGA）was chosen as hardware platform,and almost all the works,such as developing an algorithm for pulse waveform and interfacing with memory and liquid crystal display（LCD）,were implemented under the flow of system on a programmable chip（SOPC）development.When users input in the key parameters through LCD and touch screen,the corresponding pulse wave will be displayed on the LCD and the desired pulse waveform can be accessed from the analog output channel as well.The structure of the designed pulse wave generator is simple and it can provide accurate solutions for studying and teaching pulse waves and the detection of the equipments for acquisition and diagnosis of pulse wave.

关 键 词：脉搏波 心血管仿真 弹性腔 现场可编程门阵列 可编程片上系统 

分 类 号：R312[医药卫生—基础医学]