利用卫星双光谱反射率算法反演的云参数及其应用  

Cloud parameters retrieved by the bispectral reflectance algorithm and associated applications

作　　者：傅云飞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院,合肥230026 [2]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气象学报》2014年第5期1039-1053,共15页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项"应对气候变化的碳收支认证及相关问题"(XDA05100303);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB428601);国家公益性行业支撑项目(GYHY201306077);国家自然科学基金项目(41230419;91337231)

摘　　要：云参数特征既是天气模式和云模式中云过程描述的依据,也是人工影响天气、云辐射气候效应、气溶胶-云-降水相互作用等研究的理论与应用基础。在目前的科技水平下.人类还难以获得大范围云内云参数特征信息,但仍可充分利用卫星光谱遥感探测结果,从反演获得的云顶附近云参数入手,逐步推进对全球云特性的认识。首先介绍了云参数的双光谱反射率算法原理及其发展算法,然后介绍了利用云参数研究气溶胶的间接效应问题,最后重点阐述了基于卫星测雨雷达与光谱逐日逐轨探测信号的融合数据,结合云参数双光谱反射率反演算法,对云参数与降水强度、类型及结构关系的研究,指出云顶附近的云粒子尺度及云水路径可以很好地指示对流降水云团的厚度及强度,并指出了内陆和洋面水云及非水云降水的云参数与其降水强度关系的差异。Retrieval of cloud parameters is fundamental for descriptions of the cloud process in weather and cloud models,and is also the base for theoretical and applicational investigations on weather modification,aerosol-cloud-precipitation interaction,cloud-radiative climate effects,and so on.However,it is still difficult to obtain full information of cloud parameters over a wide area under the current level of science and technology.Luckily,parameters at the top of clouds can be retrieved with the satellite spectrum remote sensing,which is useful in obtaining global cloud properties.In this paper,cloud parameters retrieved by the bispectral reflectance（BSR） method and other methods developed on the basis of the BSR are briefly summarized.Recent advances in studies on the indirect effects of aerosol on cloud parameters are reviewed.The relationships among cloud parameters and precipitation intensity,type,and structure are elaborated on,based upon the pixel-level merged datasets derived from daily measurements of precipitation radar and visible and infrared scanner,together with cloud parameters retrieved by the BSR.It is revealed that cloud particle effective radius and liquid water path near cloud tops are effective to identify the thickness and intensity of convective precipitating clouds.Furthermore,the differences in cloud parameters and precipitation intensity for precipitating and non-precipitating clouds over land and ocean are compared in this paper.

关 键 词：云参数 双光谱反射率算法 气溶胶 降水 

分 类 号：P407[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]