采用血液内皮素-1监控高原训练运动员低氧习服状况的可行性  

The Feasibility of Blood ET-1 for Evaluating Acclimatization Status of Altitude Training

作　　者：张漓[1] 徐建方[1] 路瑛丽[1] 周超彦[2] 冯连世[1] 韩照岐 

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [2]浙江体育职业技术学院

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2014年第7期629-637,686,共10页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费(基本12-18)

摘　　要：目的：了解运动员在高原训练过程中血液中内皮素（ET）-1/一氧化氮（NO）变化规律,探索用血液ET-1/NO预测高原训练效果的可行性。方法：采用Association-Study研究方法,测定15名大学生游泳运动员21天高原训练前后最佳专项成绩,以及高原训练前1周,抵达高原第2、8、15天,下高原后第3天晨起血液红细胞数、血红蛋白、血清ET-1、NO、肌酸激酶（CK）、血尿酸（BU）、皮质醇、睾酮。计算高原第2天各指标的变化率（%）与高原训练前后专项成绩变化率的相关系数,以相关系数最大且达到统计学显著性水平的指标作为分组指标,比较高原第2天与高原训练前该指标的变化,将受试者分成该指标升高组和下降组,分析两组各项指标的组间差异。结果：（1）高原训练前、中、后血清CK平均值最高163.9 U/L,BU平均值最高5.13 mmol/L;（2）上高原后第2天晨起测得的血清ET-1变化率与运动员高原训练前后专项成绩的变化率显著负相关（r=-0.782,P=0.001）;高原第2天血清睾酮变化率与高原训练成绩变化率显著正相关（r=0.577,P=0.024）;（3）将受试者依高原第2天血清ET-1升高或下降分两组,发现高原训练期间：ET-1下降组血清ET-1显著低于高原训练前,第2、8、15天下降幅度分别为35.7%、16.1%和55.0%;NO则与高原训练前后均无明显差异;血红细胞数与血红蛋白升高幅度分别为2.7%-3.7%、1.3%-1.7%;血清睾酮在高原训练第2天显著升高,升幅39.5%,第8、15天逐渐下降,与高原训练前后的水平无显著差异。ET-1升高组高原第2天血清ET-1、NO显著升高,升幅分别达到82.4%和59.0%,高原第8和15天则逐渐下降,与高原训练前后均无明显差异;红细胞数与血红蛋白略有升高,升高幅度分别为3.5%-3.9%、1.6%-2.2%;血清睾酮在高原训练第2天无明显变化,第8、15天分别升高49.1%和65.7%,显著高于高原训练前水平。结论：运动员上高原后次日晨�Objective This experiment studied the changes in athlete＇s blood endothelin-1（ET-1）and nitric oxide（NO）during altitude training（AT）in order to validate the feasibility of ET-1/NO in predicting the effect of AT. Methods We measured the best swimming performance of 15 college swimmers 21 days before and after AT,as well as the blood red blood cell（RBC）,hemoglobin（Hb）,ET-1,NO,creatine kinase（CK）,blood urea（BU）,cortisol（C）and testosterone（T）on the 7th day before AT,2nd,8th and 15 th day during AT and 3rd day after AT.According to the change of blood ET-1 on the2 nd day during AT,the swimmers were regrouped into ET-1 ascent group（n=9）and ET-1 descent group（n=6）,and the differences in the parameters between the two groups were calculated. Results（1）During AT,the highest serum CK was 163.9U/L and BU was 5.13mmol/L.（2）There was significant correlation between swimming performance changing rate and serum ET-1changing rates（r =-0.782,P = 0.001）and T changing rate（r = 0.577,P = 0.024）on the 2nd day of AT.（3）Compared to the pre-AT,serum ET-1on the 2nd,8th and 15 th day of AT in ET-1 descent group decreased 35.7%,16.1% and 55.0%,respectively. At the same time the serum NO during AT changed insignificantly. The RBC and Hb in descent group increased 2.7% - 3.7% and 1.3% - 1.7% during AT. Serum T increased by 39.5% on the2 nd day of AT and returned to the baseline on the 8th and 15 th day of AT. Serum ET-1 and NO in ascent group significantly increased by 82.4% and 59.0% on the 2nd day of AT,and returned to the baseline on the 15 th day of AT. The RBC and Hb in ascent group increased by 3.5% - 3.9% and 1.6%- 2.2% during AT,and serum T remained unchanged on the 2nd day of AT,but significantly increased by 49.1% and 65.7% on the 8th and 15 th day of AT. Conclusion Rapid acclimatization to hypoxia and higher success rate of altitude training could be confirmed by decrease serum ET-1 and increased serum testosterone on the second day of altitude stay and lower ET-1/NO

关 键 词：内皮素1 一氧化氮 高原训练 低氧习服 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]