创伤性后颅窝血肿围手术期护理  

Traumatic posterior fossa hematoma perioperative nursing

作　　者：马宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市环湖医院颅脑创伤中心,天津300060

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2014年第5期142-144,共3页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：目的总结创伤性后颅窝血肿的治疗及患者围手术期病情观察及护理。方法对26例创伤性后颅窝血肿患者,严密观察其围手术期主要症状、意识瞳孔变化及各项生命体征,严格控制血压,防止再出血,对后颅窝硬膜外可能伴随的并发症如颅神经损伤、感染及癫痫等,积极给予专科护理并及时采取有效措施。结果术后经脱水、止血、控制血压及抗感染等对症治疗,以及翻身、拍背及吸痰等积极护理,25例患者病情稳定好转,1例因呼吸循环功能衰竭死亡。术后6个月ADL测量随访评定日常生活能力,2 5例患者中,轻度功能障碍13例,中度6例,重度4例,残疾2例,患者恢复良好率7 6%。结论通过加强对患者围手术期意识变化及伴随并发症的护理,可以保证手术治疗效果,提高患者术后生活质量。Objective to analyze the clinical presentation and nursing of 37 cases with traumatic posterior cranial fossa hematoma peri-operatively. Methods 37 cases with traumatic posterior cranial fossa hematoma peri-operatively were closely observed. Complaints, pupil change, and the vital signs were noted. The blood pressures were strictly controlled to prevent rebleeding. Complications such as cranial nerve injury, infection and epilepsy were provided professional nurses and effective treatment. Results 25 cases were improved, 1 case died of lung and heart failure. 6 month follow-up revealed the ADL scales： in all the 25 cases assessed, 13 cases mild dysfunction,6 cases moderate dysfunction, 4 cases severe, 2 cases disabled,76% were good recovery. Conclusions By strengthening the monitor of consciousness and the nurse of complication perioperatively, the life quality and outcome of patients with traumatic posterior cranial fossa hematoma were improved.

关 键 词：外伤性 后颅窝血肿 围手术期 

分 类 号：R651.15[医药卫生—外科学]