浙江姥山岛苦槠天然居群的遗传多样性及未来走向  

Genetic diversity and future development of natural population of Castanopsis sclerophylla in Laoshan Island, Zhejiang Province

作　　者：岳华峰[1] 邵文豪 井振华 姜景民 黄琳[1] 李相宽 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局泡桐研究开发中心,河南郑州450003 [2]中国林业科学研究亚热带林业研究所,浙江富阳311400

出　　处：《生态科学》2014年第3期502-506,512,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科技资源平台项目(2006DKA21003-09);浙江省科技厅重大科技攻关项目(2006C12059-3)

摘　　要：为探索苦槠天然居群的遗传多样性,对居群的未来发展做出评估,对分布于浙江千岛湖姥山岛内苦槠萌蘖能力进行了调查,同时利用SSR分子标记技术对实生苗扩散格局、天然居群遗传多样性及遗传分化系数进行研究。结果显示:苦槠萌蘖能力很强,Re2型分蘖最多,占32.4%;林下苦槠实生苗遗传分布格局中,84.2%实生苗是居群内自交繁殖结果;筛选出的6对SSR引物分辨率高,多态位点百分率达97.6%以上;居群内遗传多样性水平达88.9%以上,并且母树(0.49)>实生苗(0.45)。目前姥山岛苦槠自然居群采用根蘖自然更新为主的方式仍然会使居群在短期内保持高的遗传多样性水平,使苦槠处于稳定增长期,并呈现出向顶级群落演替的趋势;但母株分蘖产生的植株进一步增加了林分郁闭程度,接受外来花粉减少,群内自交严重,易产生群内遗传分化,导致群体DNA遗传多样性处于衰退阶段,不利于居群未来发展,应借助人工干预扩大居群间交流。To explore the genetic diversity of natural population of Castanopsis sclerophylla, and estimate the future development. in Laoshan Island, Zhejiang Province, the root-sprout rate was investigated. Meanwhile, the mating patterns of seedlings community, genetic diversity during stock plants and seedings, and coefficient of genetic differentiation were studied by SSR molecular marker method. The results exhibited that the root-sprout ability of stock plants was strong, and the main type was Re2. The mating rate of seedlings was 84.2% from selfing within community. Six pairs primer in this study had higher resolution ratio, the P vales were over 97.6%. Genetic diversity level was over 88.9% within population, but the communities of stock plants were over seedlings. Based on these results, we proposed that the main method of natural reproduction of root-sprouts from Laoshan island will keep higher genetic diversity in shortly stage, and result in consistent growth stage. Ecological niche will change to the top population, but the whole DNA genetic diversity declines because the canopy density increases with root-sprout growth and the pollens of outer populations decrease. It was not benefit for future development, so we suggest the communication between different location populations by human activity ought to be increased.

关 键 词：苦槠 遗传多样性 SSR分子标记 天然居群 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]