近五年引滦入津工程天津段水质评价研究  

Research of water quality evaluation for Tianjin section of Luanhe River diversion project in recent 5 years

作　　者：王海英[1] 武丹[1] 卞少伟[1] 梅鹏蔚[1] 张震[1] 孙韧[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市环境监测中心,天津300191

出　　处：《生态科学》2014年第3期520-526,共7页Ecological Science

摘　　要：2009年1月至2013年12月在引滦入津工程天津明渠段设置了10个点位对水体质量状况进行采样调查。结果表明,引滦入津工程天津段水质以Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类为主,Ⅰ—Ⅴ类水质分别占0.19%、44.19%、52.62%、2.62%和0.37%,达标率为97%。2009年至2012年引滦流域整体达标率逐年提高,在2013年出现下滑。自上游至下游水质达标率呈现升高趋势,位于水厂的396号点位达标率达100%,其余点位均出现超标现象,位于上游的383号点位达标率仅为93.33%。Hg、Pb、Cu等重金属和As、氰化物等剧毒物质浓度保持低水平,水质偏碱性。引滦上游点位As、Cu、氨氮、硫化物、总磷等测试指标高于下游点位,下游点位化学需氧量、高锰酸盐指数、氟化物、石油类等指标高于上游点位。化学需氧量、五日生化需氧量、氨氮和总磷为超标项目,最大值分别达22.00 mg·L–1、4.10 mg·L–1、2.26 mg·L–1和0.492 mg·L–1。383号点位和385号点位多次出现冬季氨氮和总磷超标。Between January 2009 and December 2013 Tianjin open channel section of Luanhe River diversion project was set up by 10 sampling points in order to investigate the water quality status. Results showed that levels and were the primary Ⅱ Ⅱlevels during the investigation. Level Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅴwere accounted for 0.19%, 44.19%, 52.62%, 2.62% and 0.37%, respectively. The compliance rate of all the samples was 97%. From 2009 to 2012 compliance rates were increased year by year. However, it fell in 2013. From the upstream to the downstream water quality compliance rates showed a trend of increase, especially 100% in No. 396. But the rest of the points were exceeded; especially the rate of No. 383 sampling from upstream was only 93.33%. Concentrations of heavy metal such as Hg, Pb, Cu and extremely toxic substance such as As, Cyanide kept low with brackish water. Concentrations of As, Cu, NH4＋, sulphide and TP sampling from upstream were higher than those sampling from downstream, but concentrations of COD, CODMn, fluoride, and Oil were opposite. Concentrations of COD, BOD, NH4＋ and TP were exceeded, with maximum up to 22.00 mg·L–1, 4.10 mg·L–1, 2.26 mg·L–1 and 0.492 mg·L–1, respectively. The concentrations of NH4＋ and total phosphorus（TP） of No. 383 and 385 exceeded several times in winter.

关 键 词：引滦入津 天津 水质 评价 

分 类 号：Q143.4[生物学—生态学]