深圳城市扩展模式的时空演变格局及驱动力分析  

Spatio-temporal dynamics of urban growth and its driving forces in Shenzhen City

作　　者：荀斌[1,2,3] 于德永[1,2] 王雪[1,2] 刘宇鹏[1,2] 郝蕊芳 孙云[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学人与环境系统可持续性研究中心,北京100875 [3]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127

出　　处：《生态科学》2014年第3期545-552,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171404);中央高校基础研究基金项目;西北大学科学研究基金项目

摘　　要：城市扩展是城市化过程最显著的特征之一,研究不同城市扩展模式的景观格局演变规律对理解城市化过程,揭示城市格局演变规律和形态发展特征具有重要意义。以快速城市化典型地区——深圳市为研究区域,通过对1980—2010年6期Landsat遥感影像进行解译,将城市扩展模式识别与景观格局指数分析方法相结合,对城市景观格局进行分析,对比不同区域不同扩展模式的城市扩展格局,并探究城市增长的社会经济驱动因素。结果表明:过去30年间城市用地类型转变为深圳景观主导类型,其空间格局破碎化程度增加,2005年后斑块破碎化程度下降;两种城市增长模式中,边缘扩展是城市增长的主要方式;深圳城市扩展格局动态是以国家政策为导向的经济发展、人类活动和城市规划等多重因素共同驱动作用的结果。Urbanization has been a universal and irresistible trend across the world. Quantifying urban growth pattern can provide more details to understand urbanization processes and their ecological effects. It is also essential for governmental planners and decision-makers to design and optimize urban landscape. In this study, combining remote sensing images and landscape metrics, we analyze urban landscape patterns in a typical region of rapid urbanization in China-Shenzhen during the period of 1980-2010. We quantify two urban growth forms, edge expansion and leaping growth, compare different urban growth patterns in the Special Economic Zone（SEZ） and outside the SEZ in response to urbanization, and explore driving forces of rapid urban growth. The results showed that the dominant semi-natural landscape was fundamentally converted into the human-induced landscape. The fragmentation degree and shape complexity of urban area constantly increased, the urban pattern tended to combination and aggregation after 2005. Compared with the leaping style, and the edge expansion was the primary urban growth form. The patches of leaping style were more fragmented in size and more complex in shape than that of edge expansion. The urban growth patterns in SEZ and outside the SEZ had obvious differences. The urban spatial pattern changed greatly attributed to a significant growth of economy and population and urban planning which were intertwined with governmental policies.

关 键 词：城市增长 景观格局 扩展模式 驱动力 深圳市 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]