鄱阳湖丰、枯水期悬浮体浓度及其粒径分布特征  

The distribution pattern of the mass concentration and grain size of the suspended particulate matters of the Poyang Lake in wet and dry seasons

作　　者：张琍[1,2] 陈晓玲[1,2] 黄珏[1] 冯炼[1] 张媛 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,武汉430079 [2]江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,南昌330022 [3]湖北省环境监测站,武汉430079

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第5期743-750,共8页Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41331174;41301366;41101415);国家863计划项目(2012AA12A304);江西师范大学开放基金项目(PK2012005)

摘　　要：通过2008年、2009年10月(枯水期)和2011年7月(丰水期)的3次全湖调查,结合鄱阳湖水体采样调查与MODIS同步卫星影像反演悬浮体浓度数据,同时利用LISST-100对鄱阳湖悬浮体粒径进行现场观测,研究了鄱阳湖悬浮体浓度及悬浮体粒径分布规律.结果表明,鄱阳湖表层悬浮体浓度表现为北部、中部高,南部低的空间分布特征;垂向分布上看,一般情况下,表层<中层<底层;而在风生流及采砂活动影响下的湖区中部和南部部分区域,垂直浓度分布规律不明显.全湖平均悬浮体浓度枯水期大于丰水期,且枯水期全湖悬浮体浓度空间差异较丰水期更小.悬浮体粒度组成主要以粉砂为主,其中细粉砂所占比例最高;全湖悬浮体粒径主要分布在8μm^90μm之间,丰、枯水期分布规律较为一致,枯水期的平均悬浮体中值粒径较丰水期更细.悬浮体中值粒径表现为南粗北细的空间分布特征.从粒径频率谱形态分布上看,主要呈现双峰、三峰的粒径分布形态,北部湖区悬浮体粒径谱形态时空分布基本一致;而南部大湖区,丰、枯水期粒径谱分布有较大差异.鄱阳湖悬浮体浓度及粒度分布特征主要是受到水动力、底质及冲淤状态、生物絮凝及人为采砂活动等因素共同影响的结果.In order to understand the seasonal variations in the spatial distribution of the mass concentration and grain size of the suspended particulate matter （SPM） of the Poyang Lake,we acquired MODIS satellite image data and made on-site surveys by using the laser in-situ scattering and transmissometry （LISST-100） and filtration device in three cruises in the Poyang lake in October （the dry season） 2008,2009 and July （the wet season） 2011 respectively.The result showed that：1） the mass concentration of the SPM was high in the north and middle parts,while low in the south part of the lake; 2） the concentration of the SPM in the vertical direction was increasing from surface to bottom in general,while due to the wind flow and sand mining activities,there were no obvious distribution pattern in some areas of the middle and south parts of the lake; 3） the average mass concentration of the SPM was higher in dry seasons than in wet seasons,and the spatial differences were smaller in dry seasons than in wet seasons; 4） the SPM was mainly composed of silt sand and fine silt sand,with the proportion of the fine silt sand being the highest; 5） the grain size of SPM ranged from 8 μm～ 90 μm,and the distribution pattern of the grain size was uniform in the dry and wet seasons,while the mid-value in dry seasons was smaller; 6） the grain size of the SPM was smaller in the north and larger in the south; 7） the frequency spectrum of the grain size shaped double-peaked and three-peaked forms,and with the same form in the north part while different forms in the south part of the lake in different seasons; 8） all of the variations in the distribution of the mass concentration and grain size were affected and determined by the hydrodynamics,sediment erosion,wind flow,sand mining and biological activities of the lake.

关 键 词：悬浮体浓度 悬浮体粒径 鄱阳湖 空间分布 影响因素 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]