零价铁和改性膨润土处置含铀废水的实验对比研究  

Comparative Study on the Treatment of U-bearing Wastewater by Zero-valent Iron and Modification Bentonite

作　　者：杜浪[1] 马雪[1] 李玉香[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第10期81-85,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：西南科技大学研究生创新基金(13ycjj15);江苏省生态环境材料重点建设实验室开放课题资助(EML201203);西南科技大学博士研究基金(11zx7110)

摘　　要：含铀废水的处理是目前研究的热点。通过静态吸附试验,分别研究了零价铁(ZVI)和热改性膨润土(TAB)对含铀废水中U(Ⅵ)的去除效果,考察了溶液pH值、处置时间、使用量等因素对U(Ⅵ)去除率的影响。结果表明:零价铁对U(Ⅵ)的去除率高,处置时间短,当废水中铀U(Ⅵ)的浓度为30 mg/L时,ZVI的最佳使用量为3.0 g。当pH为5,处置时间10 min时,U(Ⅵ)去除率达到89.5%;延长处置时间,去除率略有增加。热改性膨润土在废水中铀的浓度为30 mg/L时的最佳使用量为0.4 g,过量使用膨润土反而不利于U(Ⅵ)的去除。当pH为4,处置时间120 min时,U(Ⅵ)去除率达到86.5%。动力学分析表明,ZVI处理含铀废水的过程符合一级反应动力学方程,而TAB处理含铀废水的过程接近二级反应动力学方程。The treatment of U-bearing wastewater becomes a focus. The removal rate of U-bearing wastewater by zero- valent iron （ZVI） and thermally activated bentonite （TAB） were investigated by static adsorption methods. Effects of pH, handling time, material dosage on removal rate for uranium were characterized. Results show that when the uranium concentration in the wastewater is 30 mg/L, the optimal dosage of zero-valent iron is 3 g, which has high removal rate of U（VI） for short handling time. When the solution pH is 5 .and handling time is 10 min, removal rate of U（VI） can reach 89.5%. Moreover, with the handling time increasing, the removal rate of U（VI） increases slightly. When the uranium concentration in the wastewater is 30 mg/L, the optimal dosage of TAB is 0.4 g, but excessive use of TAB reduces the removal rate of U（VI）. When the solution pH is 4 and handling time is 120 min, removal rate of U（VI） can reach 86.5%. The kinetic analysis indicates that the treatment process of U-bearing wastewater by ZVI fit the first-order reaction kinetic equation, but that by TAB is close to the secondary reaction kinetics equation.

关 键 词：零价铁 热改性膨润土 U(Ⅵ) 去除率 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]