淮北地区不同播期条件下小麦高产栽培技术组装  

Wheat High-yield Cultivation Technology Assembly Under the Condition of Different Sowing Date in Huaibei Area

作　　者：杜世州[1] 肖扬书[2] 乔玉强[1] 赵竹[1] 曹承富[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院作物研究所/安徽省农作物品质改良重点实验室,合肥230031 [2]安徽省农业科学院科研处,合肥230031

出　　处：《农学学报》2014年第9期6-12,共7页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"粮食大面积均衡增产技术集成研究与示范"(2012BAD04B09);"江淮中部(安徽)稻麦持续丰产高效技术集成创新与示范"(2011BAD16B06);公益性行业(农业)科研专项"粮食作物精确定量栽培技术研究与示范"(201303102);院长杰出青年基金"基于变量施肥小麦氮素调控模型机理与验证"(13B0203)

摘　　要：为了建立淮北地区不同生态点和不同播期条件下的栽培技术模式,采用正交设计和多年多点稳定性评价相结合,研究了安徽省淮北地区北部、中部和南部区域的小麦高产栽培技术组装.结果表明,稳产性较高的处理有：品种为‘烟农19’和‘皖麦52’,施氮量240 kg/hm2,基追比例5∶5～4∶6,密度120M80万苗/hm2,促控措施以中耕划锄和美洲星叶面肥为主;‘周麦22’则以施氮量300 kg/hm2,基追比例5∶5,密度180万苗/hm2的稳产性较高.早播和晚播条件对产量有减产效应,以10月15日播种较为适宜.早播条件下的小麦高产栽培技术应该选择冬性、半冬性品种,适当减低密度,返青期以镇压和化控为主.晚播条件下的小麦高产栽培应该选择半冬偏春性品种,适当增加密度,增加施肥量,生长后期喷施叶面肥增强籽粒灌浆强度,有利于产量提高.In order to establish cultivation technique model under the condition of different sowing date in different locations in Huaibei Area.Using comprehensive methods were orthogonal design method and stability evaluation based on many years and many places.The main research area was the northern region,central region and southern region in Huaibei area of Anhui Province.The results showed that,high stability of the treatment were：wheat varieties‘Yannong 19＇and‘Wanmai 52＇;nitrogen quantity was 240 kg/hm2,ratio of base and topdressing was 5：5-4：6,planting density was 120×104-180×104plants per hm2,weeding hoe and spraying on leaf fertilizer ＇star of America＇ as the best course of action.For‘Zhoumai 22＇high stability of the treatment were：nitrogen quantity was 300 kg/hm2,ratio of base and topdressing was 5：5,planting density was180 × 104 plants per hm2.For production,early sowing（October 3rd） and late sowing（October 30th） had production effect,suitable sowing time was October 15 th.Early sowing wheat high-yield cultivation techniques should choose winter wheat or semi-winter wheat varieties,appropriate to reduce density,wheat repressionand chemical control in the wheat turning green stage.Late sowing wheat high-yield cultivation techniques should be choose partial spring semi winter wheat varieties,increasing planting density,increase the fertilizer rate,spraying leaf fertilizer on wheat at later growth stage,in order to enhance grain grouting intensity.It will be beneficial to improve wheat yield.

关 键 词：正交设计 稳定性评价 栽培技术组装 播期 

分 类 号：S3-33[农业科学—农艺学]