罗汉松和珙桐内生真菌的分离及其多样性研究  

Isolation and Diversity Analysis of Endophytic Fungi from Podocarpus macrophyllus and Davidia involucrata

作　　者：冉雪琴[1] 叶静[2,3] 王嘉福[2] 孙端方[2] 何映霞[3] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学农业生物工程重点实验室,贵阳550025 [3]安顺学院化学与生物农学系,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第25期12-19,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长专项资金项目"药用植物内生真菌分离纯化及抗菌;抗肿瘤菌株的筛选"(黔省专合字2005-108);贵州省科技创新人才团队建设专项"贵州省动物遗传育种与生物技术科技创新人才团队"(黔科合人才团队2009-4006);贵州大学"本科教学工程"项目"基础兽医学教学团队"(BKJX2012007)

摘　　要：为了深刻认识罗汉松和珙桐内生真菌的多样性,分离了183株罗汉松和珙桐内生真菌,结合形态学和分子分类方法对分离内生真菌进行种属鉴定;采用限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)方法研究分离菌株的遗传多样性。结果表明96株罗汉松内生真菌鉴定为曲霉属Aspergillus、刺盘孢属Colletotrichum、拟茎点霉属Phomopsis、丝枝霉属Aphanocladium、脉孢菌属Neurospora和无孢菌群,Shannon多样性指数为1.73;87株珙桐内生真菌分属于曲霉属Aspergillus、刺盘孢属Colletotrichum、拟茎点霉属Phomopsis、青霉属Penicillium、炭角菌属Xylaria sp.和无孢菌群,Shannon多样性指数为1.53。采用RFLP方法,对全部内生真菌rRNA基因间隔区(ITS)的核苷酸多样性进行了分析,罗汉松和珙桐内生真菌分别聚为22个分枝,同属的菌株聚在一起,同属菌株的RFLP分类相似性在93%以上。罗汉松和珙桐内生真菌中都有无孢菌群,部分菌株与鉴定菌株同处一个分枝中,其他相距较远的无孢菌可能为新的种属。本研究结果提示,罗汉松和珙桐内生真菌的多样性丰富。To investigate the diversity of endophytic fungi, from D. involucrata were isolated, respectively. All of characteristics and were further classified by restriction 96 endophytes from P. macrophyUus and 87 strains 183 fungi were identified based on morphological fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） method. 96 endophytes of P. macrophyllus were classified as Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Phomopsiz, Aphanocladium, Neurospora and mycelia sterilia. 87 endophytic fungi of D. involucrata were identified to be Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Phomopsis, Penicillium, Xylariales sp. and mycelia sterilia. Aspergillus and Colletotrichum were the dominant genera in the endophytes from P. macrophyllus and D. involucrata. The community composition of endophytic fungi from P. macrophyllus was much similar to that from D. involucrata based on the similarity indices of Sorensen＇ s （Cs） and Jaccard＇ s （Cj）. Based on the RFLP typed results, endophytes from P. macrophyllus and D. involucrata were grouped into 22 branches. The similarity of strains in the same genus was higher than 93% while it was less than 83% between different genera, which was in accordance with the results of morphological classification. Some mycelia sterilia shared the same branch with the classified fungi but the others were much different from the known one in the dendrogram of RFLP pattern, which might be new genera. It suggested that the endophytic fungi isolated from P. macrophyllus and D. involucrate had plenty of diversity and could be a resource for further exploration in diversity of fungi.

关 键 词：罗汉松 珙桐 内生真菌 限制性片段长度多态性 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]